verbthird conjugation, deponent
expergīscor
expergīscor (present infinitive expergīscī, perfect active experrēctus sum)
Classical[ɛk.spɛrˈɡiːs.kɔr]Ecclesiastical[ek.sperˈd͡ʒis.kor]
Meaning
- deponentintransitiveto awake, to wake up (bestir oneself)
Conjugation conjugation 3 deponent
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | expergīscor | expergīscēbar | expergīscar | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | expergīsceris expergīscere | expergīscēbāris expergīscēbāre | expergīscēris expergīscēre | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | expergīscitur | expergīscēbātur | expergīscētur | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | expergīscimur | expergīscēbāmur | expergīscēmur | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | expergīsciminī | expergīscēbāminī | expergīscēminī | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | expergīscuntur | expergīscēbantur | expergīscentur | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | expergīscar | expergīscerer | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | expergīscāris expergīscāre | expergīscerēris expergīscerēre | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | expergīscātur | expergīscerētur | — | — |
| 1st pl. | expergīscāmur | expergīscerēmur | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | expergīscāminī | expergīscerēminī | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | expergīscantur | expergīscerentur | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | expergīscere | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | expergīsciminī | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | expergīscitor | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | expergīscitor | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | expergīscuntor | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | expergīscī | — |
| perfect infinitive | experrēctum esse | — |
| future infinitive | experrēctūrum esse | — |
| present participle | expergīscēns | — |
| perfect participle | experrēctus | — |
| future participle | experrēctūrus | expergīscendus expergīscundus |
gerundexpergīscendī, expergīscendō, expergīscendumsupineexperrēctum, experrēctū
Lewis & Short A Latin Dictionary, 1879
expergiscor, perrectus, 3 (archaic
I. inf. praes. expergiscier, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 1), v. dep. (act. form in the imperf. subj. expergisceret, Pompon. ap. Non. 473, 6), n. expergo, to be awakened, to awake (class.).
I. Lit.: si dormis, expergiscere. Cic. Att. 2, 23, 3:
itaque simul ut experrecti sumus, visa illa contemnimus, id. Ac. 2, 16, 51; id. Div. 1, 28, 59; id. Att. 13, 38, 1; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 33.—II. Transf., to awake, to rouse or bestir one's self, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 21; Plaut. As. 2, 1, 1:
experrecta nobilitas armis atque ferro rem publicam recuperavit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 141: quin igitur expergiscimini? Sall. C. 20, 14; Vulg. Joel, 1, 5.—Hence, * experrectus, a, um, P. a., awakened, aroused, vigilant: ut sint apes experrectiores, Col. 9, 7, 5; id. 1 praef. 12.Origins
Probably a middle (passive in form) from ex- (“ex-, out”) + per- (“intensive prefix”) + regō (“to rule, direct”) + -ēscō (“verbal suffix”). An alternative etymology derives the last two syllables from unattested *griscor, based on Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- (“to awaken”), which dissimilated to *giscor after per-. In this case, cognate with Sanskrit जागृ (jāgṛ, “to awake”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬖𐬭𐬁𐬭𐬀𐬫𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (fra-γrārayeⁱti), Ancient Greek ἐγείρω (egeírō, “to awaken”), Middle Persian wygrʼd (wiγrād) (whence Modern Persian بیدار (bidâr, “awake”)), Albanian ngrē (“to lift, to wake”). It is not known how the transitive sense for English "wake up" got no direct counterpart, putting expergiscor in a similar situation to Spanish gustar.