LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
verbfirst conjugation

excruciō

excruciō (present infinitive excruciāre, perfect active excruciāvī, supine excruciātum)
Classical[ɛkˈskrʊ.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[ekˈskruː.t͡ʃi.o]

Meaning

  1. to torment greatly, torture, rack, plague; afflict, distress, harass, vex
  2. to force out by torturing, extort

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Conjugation conjugation 1

active indicative
formpresentimperfectfutureperfectpluperfectfut. perfect
1st sg.excruciōexcruciābamexcruciābōexcruciāvīexcruciāveramexcruciāverō
excruciārō
2nd sg.excruciāsexcruciābāsexcruciābisexcruciāvistī
excruciāstī		excruciāverās
excruciārās		excruciāveris
3rd sg.excruciatexcruciābatexcruciābitexcruciāvitexcruciāverat
excruciārat		excruciāverit
excruciārit
1st pl.excruciāmusexcruciābāmusexcruciābimusexcruciāvimusexcruciāverāmusexcruciāverimus
excruciārimus
2nd pl.excruciātisexcruciābātisexcruciābitisexcruciāvistis
excruciāstis		excruciāverātis
excruciārātis		excruciāveritis
excruciāritis
3rd pl.excruciantexcruciābantexcruciābuntexcruciāvērunt
excruciāvēre, excruciārunt		excruciāverant
excruciārant		excruciāverint
excruciārint
active subjunctive
active subjunctive
formpresentimperfectperfectpluperfect
1st sg.excruciemexcruciāremexcruciāverim
excruciārim		excruciāvissem
excruciāssem
2nd sg.excruciēsexcruciārēsexcruciāverīsexcruciāvissēs
excruciāssēs
3rd sg.excrucietexcruciāretexcruciāverit
excruciārit		excruciāvisset
excruciāsset
1st pl.excruciēmusexcruciārēmusexcruciāverīmus
excruciārīmus		excruciāvissēmus
excruciāssēmus
2nd pl.excruciētisexcruciārētisexcruciāverītis
excruciārītis		excruciāvissētis
excruciāssētis
3rd pl.excrucientexcruciārentexcruciāverint
excruciārint		excruciāvissent
excruciāssent
passive indicative
passive indicative
formpresentimperfectfuture
1st sg.excruciorexcruciābarexcruciābor
2nd sg.excruciāris
excruciāre		excruciābāris
excruciābāre		excruciāberis
excruciābere
3rd sg.excruciāturexcruciābāturexcruciābitur
1st pl.excruciāmurexcruciābāmurexcruciābimur
2nd pl.excruciāminīexcruciābāminīexcruciābiminī
3rd pl.excrucianturexcruciābanturexcruciābuntur
passive subjunctive
passive subjunctive
formpresentimperfect
1st sg.excrucierexcruciārer
2nd sg.excruciēris
excruciēre		excruciārēris
excruciārēre
3rd sg.excruciēturexcruciārētur
1st pl.excruciēmurexcruciārēmur
2nd pl.excruciēminīexcruciārēminī
3rd pl.excrucienturexcruciārentur
imperative
imperative
formactivepassive
pres. 2nd sg.excruciāexcruciāre
pres. 2nd pl.excruciāteexcruciāminī
fut. 2nd sg.excruciātōexcruciātor
fut. 3rd sg.excruciātōexcruciātor
fut. 2nd pl.excruciātōte—
fut. 3rd pl.excruciantōexcruciantor
infinitives & participles
infinitives & participles
formactivepassive
present infinitiveexcruciāreexcruciārī
excruciārier
perfect infinitiveexcruciāvisse
excruciāsse		excruciātum esse
future infinitiveexcruciātūrum esseexcruciātum īrī
present participleexcruciāns—
perfect participle—excruciātus
excruciāta, excruciātā, excruciātae, excruciātam, excruciātārum, excruciātās, excruciātī, excruciātōrum, excruciātōs
future participleexcruciātūrus
excruciātūra, excruciātūrā, excruciātūrae, excruciātūram, excruciātūrārum, excruciātūrās, excruciātūre, excruciātūrī, excruciātūrīs, excruciātūrō, excruciātūrōrum, excruciātūrōs, excruciātūrum		excruciandus
excrucianda, excruciandā, excruciandae, excruciandam, excruciandārum, excruciandās, excruciande, excruciandīs, excruciandōrum, excruciandōs
gerundexcruciandī, excruciandō, excruciandumsupineexcruciātum, excruciātū

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

conscientia mala angi, excruciari
to be tormented by remorse.

ex-crŭcĭo, āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic
I. inf. praes. excruciarier, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 4), v. a., to torment greatly, to torture, rack, plague (class.).
I. Physically: perii! excruciabit me herus, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 45: servos fame vinculisque, Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 9; cf.: (uxores) igni atque omnibus tormentis excruciatae, id. ib. 6, 19, 3: aliquem vinculis ac verberibus atque omni supplicio excruciatum necare, Cic. de Imp. Pomp 5, 11; cf. also: hominem ingenuum fumo excruciatum semivivum reliquit, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45: excruciatus inopiā, Plaut Bacch. 3, 4, 24: ipsos crudeliter excruciatos interficit, Caes. B. G. 7, 38, 9: frigus nudos excruciabat, Lucr. 5, 1426 et saep.—Comic. Ep. Hunc tibi dedo diem. St. Meam culpam habeto, nisi probe excruciavero, qs. thoroughly torture it, i. e. use it up, make the most of it, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 32.—
B. Transf., to force out by torturing, to extort: re excruciatā, Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 5 fin. —
II. Mentally, to afflict, distress, harass, vex, torment: conficior maerore, mea Terentia; nec meae me miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae, Cic. Fam. 14, 3, 1; cf.: non loquor plura, ne te quoque excruciem, id. Att. 10, 18, 3: haec sunt, quae me excruciant, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 9.—In imprecations: di deaeque te excrucient, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 50: temeritas et libido et ignavia semper animum excruciant et semper sollicitant, Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 50: se, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 14: quid illam miseram animi excrucias? id. Mil. 4, 2, 76; cf.: se animi, id. Rud. 2, 3, 68: tum Antipho me excruciat animi, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10; v. also in the foll.—In the pass.: excrucior, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 61; id. Trin. 1, 2, 66: id ego excrucior, id. Ep. 2, 2, 8; cf.: hoc sese excruciat animi, Quia, etc., id. Rud. 2, 3, 57.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
  2. Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
  3. Proto-Italic*eks
  4. Latinexcruciō

Latin ex- Latin cruciō Latin excruciō From ex- (“out of, from”) + cruciō (“crucify; torture, torment”).

Descendants
  • Englishexcruciate
  • Portugueseexcruciar

In English words that came into English from excruciō

  • excruciatingexcruciō
  • excruciateexcruciatus

Quick answers

What does excruciō mean in Latin?
excruciō, a verb, means “to torment greatly, torture, rack, plague; afflict, distress, harass, vex; to force out by torturing, extort”.
What are the principal parts of excruciō?
excruciō, excruciāre, excruciāvī, excruciātum (first conjugation).
How do you pronounce excruciō?
In classical Latin, [ɛkˈskrʊ.ki.oː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ekˈskruː.t͡ʃi.o].
Where does excruciō come from?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ → Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs → Proto-Italic *eks → Latin excruciō.