verbfirst conjugation, no perfect or supine stems
excommūnicō
excommūnicō (present infinitive excommūnicāre)
Classical[ɛk.skɔmˈmuː.nɪ.koː]Ecclesiastical[ek.skomˈmuː.ni.ko]
Meaning
- Late Latinto excommunicate
Conjugation conjugation 1 perfect
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excommūnicō | excommūnicābam | excommūnicābō | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | excommūnicās | excommūnicābās | excommūnicābis | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | excommūnicat | excommūnicābat | excommūnicābit | — | — | — |
| 1st pl. | excommūnicāmus | excommūnicābāmus | excommūnicābimus | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | excommūnicātis | excommūnicābātis | excommūnicābitis | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | excommūnicant | excommūnicābant | excommūnicābunt | — | — | — |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excommūnicem | excommūnicārem | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | excommūnicēs | excommūnicārēs | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | excommūnicet | excommūnicāret | — | — |
| 1st pl. | excommūnicēmus | excommūnicārēmus | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | excommūnicētis | excommūnicārētis | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | excommūnicent | excommūnicārent | — | — |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excommūnicor | excommūnicābar | excommūnicābor |
| 2nd sg. | excommūnicāris excommūnicāre | excommūnicābāris excommūnicābāre | excommūnicāberis excommūnicābere |
| 3rd sg. | excommūnicātur | excommūnicābātur | excommūnicābitur |
| 1st pl. | excommūnicāmur | excommūnicābāmur | excommūnicābimur |
| 2nd pl. | excommūnicāminī | excommūnicābāminī | excommūnicābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | excommūnicantur | excommūnicābantur | excommūnicābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | excommūnicer | excommūnicārer |
| 2nd sg. | excommūnicēris excommūnicēre | excommūnicārēris excommūnicārēre |
| 3rd sg. | excommūnicētur | excommūnicārētur |
| 1st pl. | excommūnicēmur | excommūnicārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | excommūnicēminī | excommūnicārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | excommūnicentur | excommūnicārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | excommūnicā | excommūnicāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | excommūnicāte | excommūnicāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | excommūnicātō | excommūnicātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | excommūnicātō | excommūnicātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | excommūnicātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | excommūnicantō | excommūnicantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | excommūnicāre | excommūnicārī |
| present participle | excommūnicāns | — |
| future participle | — | excommūnicandus |
gerundexcommūnicandī, excommūnicandō, excommūnicandum
ex-commūnĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (lit., to put out of the community; hence, in eccl. Lat.),
I. to lay under the ban of the Church, to excommunicate, Hier. adv. Ruf. 2, 18: aliquem excommunicatum habere, Hilar. Op. Hist. Fragm. 11, 4.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰ
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexcommūnicō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *mey- Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s Proto-Italic *kommoinis Old Latin comoinis Latin commūnis Latin -ic- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin -icō Latin commūnicō Latin excommūnicō From ex- (“out”) + commūnicō.
Borrowed
- Catalanexcomunicar
- Englishexcommunicate
- Frenchexcomuniquer
- Italianscomunicare
- Romanianexcomunica
Ibero-Romance
- Portugueseexcomungarfrom Old Galician-Portuguese escomungar
- Spanishdescomulgarfrom Old Spanish escomulgar
- Spanishexcomulgarfrom Old Spanish escomulgar
Padanian
- Old Lombardscuminiar
Northern Gallo-Romance
- Old Frenchescomengier
Southern Gallo-Romance
- Old Catalanescombregar
- Old Occitanescomengar
In English words that came into English from excommūnicō
- excommunicationexcommūnicātiō