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“vassal” in Latin

The English word vassal itself goes back to Latin vassus, through vassallus.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

vassal
vasallus (in Latin of the Middle Ages): cliens (in the Roman sense): in fidem receptus ab aliquo, or qui fundos, agros, benericii jure possidet; or (as one whose duty it is to assist in defending a district) is cujus fidei pars imperii commissa est.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for vassal?
The usual Latin words for “vassal” are vassallus, cliēns, ager. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.