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“tower” in Latin

The English word tower itself goes back to Latin turris.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

tower s.
turris. Moveable towers, turres ambulatoriae (i. e., on wheels; Hirtius). To build a tower, turrem excitare or educere: the Tower, (as a prison) career: to shut up in the Tower, carcere, in carcere, in carcerem includere: warden of the Tower, custos turris (or carceris).
tower v.
[Vid: To RISE.] [Vid: To RISE.] To be in a towering passion (colloquially), iracundia exardescere, inflammari, efferri.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for tower?
The usual Latin words for “tower” are turris, Hī̆rtius, ēdūcō; also carcer, īnflammō, efferō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.