What is the Latin word for surplus?

The usual Latin words for “surplus” are reliquus, reliquiae, residuus; also redundō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

English → Latin

“surplus” in Latin

reliquusremaining; surviving; the rest, the remainder reliquiaeremains; relics; remnants; remainders; leftovers of a meal residuusremaining or left (to be done); residuary; persisting, surviving redundōto overflow, abound, redound; to pour or spout forth or out; cause to pour out

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

surplus

reliquum: reliquiae: residuum (remainder): or by circumlocution; e.g., quod redundat ex or de aliqua re (e.g., quod redundabit de vestro frumentario quaestu; ad quos aliquantum ex quotidianis sumtibus... redundet). Small as my income is, I shall have some surplus, ex meo tenui vectigali aliquid tamen redundabit (Cic.): there is a surplus revenue, ex vectigalibus superest pecunia, quae in aerario reponatur (☞ Nep., Han., 7, 5).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for surplus?: The usual Latin words for “surplus” are reliquus, reliquiae, residuus; also redundō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.