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“potentate” in Latin

The English word potentate itself goes back to Latin possum, through potentātus.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

potentate
princeps: rex: tyrannus: ☞ potentator (very late; Tert.): better, perhaps, imperii potens.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for potentate?
The usual Latin words for “potentate” are prī̆nceps, rēx, tyrannus. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.