“hear” in Latin

(1) (1) To have the sense of hearing, audire. To hear well, acutely, acuti auditus esse; sollertis auditus esse (of a fox): not to hear well, auribus non satis competere: to hear with difficulty, tarde audire; tardis esse auribus (to hear slowly); surdastrum esse (to be somewhat deaf; Cic., Tusc., 5, 40, 116: ☞ graviter and male audire, in this signification, are wrong). Not to hear at all, sensu audiendi carere; auditus alicui negatus est: not to hear from fear, timor auribus officit: not to be able to see or hear at all from fear, prae metu neque oculis neque auribus satis competere.

(2) (2) To direct the sense of hearing to anything, to listen to, audire: auscultare (to listen to; very rare in Golden Age): to hear anything, aliquid audire: not to hear anything, aliquid non curare (not to attend to); alicujus rei rationem non habere (not to regard): to hear anybody, alicui aures dare (to listen attentively to anybody); audire aliquem, auscultare alicui or (☞ but not in Cic.) aliquem (to listen to anybody, or to hear and follow anybody’s advice or warning). Hear! audi! heus tu! eho! do you hear? audin’? hoccine agis annon? (are you attending to what I say? Vid: Ruhnken, Ter., Andr., 1, 2, 15). [Vid: to LISTEN TO; to OBEY.] (3) To apprehend by hearing, audire (general term, also = to attend to: ☞ only poets and later writers use exaudire): exaudire (to hear from a distance and distinctly): inaudire (to hear a whisper, hint, etc., of anything, quiddam, numquid, etc.): auscultare aliquid or alicui rei (to listen, hearken to anything openly or secretly): percipere (to apprehend accurately; to hear clearly, of the hearing itself; to observe, perceive, receive information of anything, orally or by tradition): excipere, with or without auribus (PROP., to catch up what one PROP. ought not to hear; but then, also = to hear or perceive with peculiar interest; Vid: Plin., Ep. 4, 19, 3; 10, 1, 86, Frotscher): cognoscere aliquid or de aliqua re (to hear or perceive anything, to attain to the knowledge of anything): comperire (to obtain exact information of or respecting anything, to hear or perceive with certainty or exactly, especially by oral information). I often hear people say, or I hear it commonly said, audio vulgo dici. (When the persons are indefinite, the passive should be used; when a definite person or persons are mentioned, either the active participle, when this person is represented as acting, or the passive participle, when the person is represented as passive; e.g., I hear you coming, audio te venientem: I rejoice to hear you praised, audio te libenter laudatum: ☞ audivi te canentem = “I heard you sing,” audivi te canere = “I heard [from somebody] that you sang;” or “I heard that you sang [a particular song];” e.g., excidium Trojae; Z. 636; but audio libenter te laudari = the intelligence that you are praised rejoices me. “I hear anybody say” is also aliquem or ex or ab aliquo audio cum dicat, the ex or ab, when the person from whom the speaker heard it was himself the reporter; I often hear Roscius say, saepe soleo audire Roscium, cum dicat, etc.; I often heard him say that he, etc., saepe ex eo audiebam, cum se... diceret, Krüger, 628, Obs. 2; Zumpt, 636, 749). As far as I hear, quantum audio: as far as I have heard, quod nos quidem audierimus: let me never hear that again from you, cave posthac umquam istuc verbum ex te audiam: I have already heard it more than a thousand times, plus millies jam audivi: I can hear nothing for the noise, fremitus or strepitus aurium usum intercipit: I have heard it all from the door, omnia ego istaec auscultavi ab ostio: to hear (receive information) of anything, venit or pervenit aliquid ad aures meas; inaudire aliquid (privately): not to hear a word of anything, ne tenuissimam quidem auditionem accipere de re: to hear anything from anybody, aliquid ab or ex aliquo audire, accipere, cognoscere: to hear anything of anybody, aliquid de aliquo audire, accipere: to hear of anybody with pleasure, volenti animo de aliquo accipere (Sall., Jug., 73, 1): to let nothing be heard of him, silentium est de aliquo: no one hears anything of him, litterae ejus conticescunt (he does not write): to refuse to hear anything on any subject (i. e., to listen to any proposal), aliquid auribus non admittere (as Liv., 23, 19, qui nullam ante pactionem auribus admiserat; i. e., who would not hear of any compact). In a wider sense, to hear anybody is, (a) = to listen or hearken to, auscultare alicui (general term, to listen or hearken to, very rare in Golden Age): audire aliquem: alicui operam dare (to be a hearer, scholar of anybody): I hear him very gladly, aequissimis meis auribus utitur: I hear him only too gladly, nimis libens ausculto ei. (b) To consent to listen to anybody’s defence, etc., causes probandae veniamci dare: not to be heard, causae probandae veniam non impetrare (☞ Cic., Sull., 1, extr.): to condemn anybody without hearing him, aliquem causa indicta condemnare.

To hear a cause (of a judge), cognoscere (either absolutely, as Verres cognoscebat, Verres judicabat, or with causam, Quint., 4, 1, 3: after hearing the cause, causa cognita, Sall., Cat., 42, fin): sedere judicem in aliquem: esse judicem de aliqua re (these two especially of a juryman). The judges who heard the cause, judices, apud quos causa agebatur: to hear a cause before the time it was set down for, repraesentare judicium (Quint., 10, 7, 1).

To hear favorably (i. e., to listen to, to grant), audire (☞ exaudire poetical and post-classical): obedire: parere (to obey; e.g., alicujus dictis): to hear anybody, or the prayers of anybody, audire aliquem or alicujus preces; alicujus precibus locum relinquere; alicui petenti satisfacere or non deesse; preces alicujus admittere: to hear anybody’s advice, aliquem monentem audire: to hear a prayer, precationem admittere (of the gods): God hears his wish, Deus ejus voto adest: not to hear anybody or his prayers, preces alicujus spernere (poetical) or aversari; preces alicujus repudiare.