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“gulf” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

gulf
A bay, sinus maris or maritimus; from the context sinus only.
A whirlpool, vortex.
Abyss, vorago: gurges: profundum, with or without maris [SYN. in ABYSS]: ☞ barathrum is to be avoided in prose, since only Vitr. [10, 6 (22), 11] uses it, in speaking of a pit dug by the hands of men). In the midst of the forum there appeared a yawning gulf, forum medium specu vasto collapsum est in immensam altitudinem.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for gulf?
The usual Latin words for “gulf” are maritimus, vertex, vorāgō; also gurges, profundus, mare. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.