LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“firmament” in Latin

The English word firmament itself goes back to Latin firmus, through firmāmentum.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

firmament
caelum (poetical; caeli palatium, Ennius in Cic., N.D., 2, 18, 49): firmamentum (in this meaning, is ecclesiastical only).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for firmament?
The usual Latin words for “firmament” are caelum, firmāmentum. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.