LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“brightness” in Latin

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

brightness
claritas (general term): splendor, nitor (splendor denotes pomp, nitor onlv neatness, simple beauty): candor (of the sky, sun, etc.): fulgor (fiery brightness; e.g., of a comet). The fiery brightness of the comet had overcome the milder brightness of the sun, stella cometes fulgore suo solis nitorem vicerat. The brightness (clearness) of the sky, weather, serenitas, serenum. Virtue has a brightness of her own, virtus splendet per se. To lose brightness (of a thing), obsolescere. Brightness of intellect, acies mentis, ingenii; ingenii acumen. The brightness of glory, fulgor gloriae.
Transparency, pelluciditas.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for brightness?
The usual Latin words for “brightness” are clāritās, splendor, nītor; also candor, fulgor, pellūcĭdĭtas. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.