verbthird conjugation
distinguō
distinguō (present infinitive distinguere, perfect active distīnxī, supine distīnctum)
Classical[dɪsˈtɪŋ.ɡʷoː]Ecclesiastical[disˈtiŋ.ɡʷo]
Meaning
- to distinguish
Sed pertinuit ad Deum, quo ista inspirante conscripta sunt, has duas societates suis diuersis generationibus primitus digerere atque distinguere […]
But it suited the purpose of God, by whose inspiration these histories were composed, to arrange and distinguish from the first these two societies in their several generations […]412 CE – 426 CE, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, De civitate Dei 15.8 - to separate, divide or part
- to adorn or decorate
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
variē ōrnōdistinguō -ere, -stīnctus — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 4
distinguish
distinguō -ere — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Discernere · Distinguere
Discernere (διακρίνειν) means to distinguish by discrimination and judgment; distinguere (διαστίξαι, or διατέγγειν), by signs and marks. (vi. 103.)
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | distinguō | distinguēbam | distinguam | distīnxī | distīnxeram | distīnxerō |
| 2nd sg. | distinguis | distinguēbās | distinguēs | distīnxistī | distīnxerās | distīnxeris |
| 3rd sg. | distinguit | distinguēbat | distinguet | distīnxit | distīnxerat | distīnxerit |
| 1st pl. | distinguimus | distinguēbāmus | distinguēmus | distīnximus | distīnxerāmus | distīnxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | distinguitis | distinguēbātis | distinguētis | distīnxistis | distīnxerātis | distīnxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | distinguunt | distinguēbant | distinguent | distīnxērunt distīnxēre | distīnxerant | distīnxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | distinguam | distinguerem | distīnxerim | distīnxissem |
| 2nd sg. | distinguās | distinguerēs | distīnxerīs | distīnxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | distinguat | distingueret | distīnxerit | distīnxisset |
| 1st pl. | distinguāmus | distinguerēmus | distīnxerīmus | distīnxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | distinguātis | distinguerētis | distīnxerītis | distīnxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | distinguant | distinguerent | distīnxerint | distīnxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | distinguor | distinguēbar | distinguar |
| 2nd sg. | distingueris distinguere | distinguēbāris distinguēbāre | distinguēris distinguēre |
| 3rd sg. | distinguitur | distinguēbātur | distinguētur |
| 1st pl. | distinguimur | distinguēbāmur | distinguēmur |
| 2nd pl. | distinguiminī | distinguēbāminī | distinguēminī |
| 3rd pl. | distinguuntur | distinguēbantur | distinguentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | distinguar | distinguerer |
| 2nd sg. | distinguāris distinguāre | distinguerēris distinguerēre |
| 3rd sg. | distinguātur | distinguerētur |
| 1st pl. | distinguāmur | distinguerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | distinguāminī | distinguerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | distinguantur | distinguerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | distingue | distinguere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | distinguite | distinguiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | distinguitō | distinguitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | distinguitō | distinguitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | distinguitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | distinguuntō | distinguuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | distinguere | distinguī |
| perfect infinitive | distīnxisse | distīnctum esse |
| future infinitive | distīnctūrum esse | distīnctum īrī |
| present participle | distinguēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | distīnctus |
| future participle | distīnctūrus distīnctūra, distīnctūrā, distīnctūrae, distīnctūram, distīnctūrārum, distīnctūrās, distīnctūre, distīnctūrī, distīnctūrīs, distīnctūrō, distīnctūrōrum, distīnctūrōs, distīnctūrum | distinguendus distinguenda, distinguendā, distinguendae, distinguendam, distinguendārum, distinguendās, distinguende, distinguendīs, distinguendōrum, distinguendōs |
gerunddistinguendī, distinguendō, distinguendumsupinedistīnctum, distīnctū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- caelum astris distinctum et ornatum
- the star-lit sky; the firmament.
- librum annotare, interpolare, distinguere
- to furnish a book with notes, additional extracts, marks of punctuation.
di-stinguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. root in Sanscr. tegami, to be sharp; Gr. στίζω, στίγμα; Lat. stimulus stilus, in-stigare, etc.. —Prop., to separate by points; hence, in gen.,
I. To separate, divide, part.
A. Lit. (very rare, and almost exclusively poet.):
onus inclusum numero eodem, Ov. M. 1, 47: crinem docta manu, i. e. to arrange, Sen. Troad. 884; cf. meton.: caput acu, Claud. Nupt. Hon. 284.—Of countries: qui locus Bithyniam et Galatis, Amm. 25, 10.—Far more freq. and class. (not in Caes.), B. Trop., to distinguish, discriminate, = discernere.
1. In gen.:
ea (crimina) distinguere ac separare, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 41; cf. with dividere, id. Pis. 28, 69: servos numero, id. Caecin. 20; so, cadentes guttas intervallis, id. de Or. 3, 48, 186: oratorum genera aetatibus, id. Brut. 19: status familiarum agnationibus, id. Leg. 1, 7 fin.: qua via ambigua distinguantur, ostendit, id. Fin. 1, 7; id. Brut. 41, 152; id. Or. 4, 16; cf. secernenda, id. Top. 7, 31: genera causarum, Quint. 4, 2, 68 et saep.: fortes ignavosque, Tac. H. 3, 27: veri similia ab incredibilibus dijudicare et distinguere, Cic. Part. 40; cf.: vera somnia a falsis, id. Div. 2, 61: Vargulam a Crasso, id. de Or. 2, 60, 244: artificem ab inscio, id. Ac. 2, 7, 22: voluntatem a facto, Liv. 45, 24: thesin a causa, Quint. 3, 5, 11 et saep.: vero falsum, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 29: simiarum genera caudis inter se, Plin. 8, 54, 80.—Pass. impers.: quid inter naturam et rationem intersit, non distinguitur, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 26; cf.: malus arborem significet an hominem non bonum, apice distinguitur, Quint. 1, 7, 2: nuntiatum Claudio perisse Messalinam, non distincto sua an aliena manu, Tac. A. 11, 38.—2. In partic.
(a). In rhet. and gram., to mark the pauses in discourse, to punctuate:
puer ut sciat, quo loco versum distinguere debeat, Quint. 1, 8, 1; cf.: eam (orationem) distinguent atque concident, id. 11, 2, 27; and: incidit has (sc. voces) et distinxit in partes, Cic. Rep. 3, 2 Mos.: distinctio est silentii nota, etc., Diom. p. 432 P.—(b). To end, terminate:
contationem, App. M. 2, p. 127 fin.II. To set off, decorate, adorn (most freq. in the P. a.).
A. Lit.:
racemos purpureo colore, Hor. C. 2, 5, 11; so, poma vario colore, Ov. Nux, 31: aurum gemmarum nitor, Sen. Med. 573; cf. Plin. 37, 10, 62, § 171.— B. Trop.:
orationem variare et distinguere quasi quibusdam verborum sententiarumque insignibus, Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36; so of discourse, id. Inv. 2, 15, 49 (with illustrare); id. de Or. 2, 13; Liv. 9, 17: voluptatem (with variare), Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 38; cf.: coenam comoedis, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9.—Hence, distinctus, a, um, P. a. A. (Acc. to I.) Separated, separate, distinct:
urbs delubris distincta spatiisque communibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 26: Romana acies distinctior, ex pluribus partibus constans, Liv. 9, 19: Hesiodus circa CXX. annos distinctus ab Homeri aetate, Vell. 1, 7: concentus ex distinctis sonis, Cic. Rep. 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 6, 18: distinctos dignitatis gradus non habebat (civitas), id. ib. 1, 27 fin.—2. Of discourse, properly divided:
oratio, Quint. 11, 3, 35. —B. (Acc. to II.) Decorated, adorned:
pocula gemmis distincta, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27: distinctum et ornatum caelum astris, id. N. D. 2, 37 fin.: lyra gemmis et dentibus Indis, Ov. M. 11, 167: herbae innumeris floribus, id. ib. 5, 266: retia maculis, id. H. 5, 19.—2. Trop.:
oratio et ornata et artificio quodam et expolitione distincta, id. de Or. 1, 12; so of discourse, Quint. 5, 14, 33; and transf., of the speaker himself: utroque genere creber et distinctus Cato, Cic. Brut. 17 fin.; cf. in comp., Tac. Or. 18.—Adv.: distincte. 1. (Acc. to I.) Distinctly, clearly:
articulatim distincteque dicere, Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Or. 28 fin.: scribere, id. Tusc. 2, 3, 7: designare, Plin. Pan. 88, 6.—In the comp.: enuntiare, id. Ep. 7, 13.— Sup.: distinctissime persuadere, Cassiod. Complex ad Ephes. 3.—2. (Acc. to II.) Elegantly, handsomely:
qui distincte, qui explicate, qui abundanter, qui illuminate et rebus et verbis dicunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53; cf. id. Off. 1, 1, 2: distinctius, Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 1.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
dī-stinguō nxī, nctus, ere,
to separate, divide, part: onus inclusum numero eodem, O.: qui tabulā distinguitur undā, Iu.: qui nos distinxit, established the division (of ranks in the theatre), Iu.—Fig., to distinguish, discriminate, specify: ea (crimina): servos numero: voluntatem a facto, L.: vero falsum, H.: quid intersit, non distinguitur.—To mark, distinguish, make conspicuous, set off, decorate, adorn: urbs delubris distincta: pocula gemmis: racemos colore, H.: varietatibus distinguendo opere, L.: nigram medio frontem distinctus ab albo Harpalus, i. e. made conspicuous by the contrast, O.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*dwóh₁
- Latindistinguō
Proto-Indo-European *trísinflu. Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ- Proto-Indo-European *sténgʷeti Proto-Italic *stengʷō Latin stinguō Latin distinguō From dis- + stinguō.
Descendants
- Catalandistingir
- Englishdistinguish
- Frenchdistinguer
- Italiandistinguere
- Occitandistinguir
- Portuguesedistinguir
- Romaniandestinge
- Romaniandistinge
- Spanishdistinguir
- Dalmatiandistenguar
In English words that came into English from distinguō
- distinctdistinctus
- distinguishdistinguō
- distinctiondistinctio
- distinctivedistinctus
- distinguodistinguō