verbfourth conjugation
custōdiō
custōdiō (present infinitive custōdīre, perfect active custōdīvī or custōdiī, supine custōdītum)
Classical[kʊsˈtoː.di.oː]Ecclesiastical[kusˈtɔː.di.o]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- to monitor, supervise, guard
et faciens misericordiam in millia his qui diligunt me, et custodiunt praecepta mea.
and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Exodus.20.6 - to protect, defend
- to observe, take heed, watch
- to preserve, keep, retain, maintain
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
servō, dēfendō; mīlitēs castra custōdiunt.custōdiō -īre — in Mille Verba, Bellum et Arma
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | custōdiō | custōdiēbam | custōdiam | custōdīvī custōdiī | custōdīveram custōdieram | custōdīverō custōdierō |
| 2nd sg. | custōdīs | custōdiēbās | custōdiēs | custōdīvistī custōdiistī | custōdīverās custōdierās | custōdīveris custōdieris |
| 3rd sg. | custōdit | custōdiēbat | custōdiet | custōdīvit custōdiit | custōdīverat custōdierat | custōdīverit custōdierit |
| 1st pl. | custōdīmus | custōdiēbāmus | custōdiēmus | custōdīvimus custōdiimus | custōdīverāmus custōdierāmus | custōdīverimus custōdierimus |
| 2nd pl. | custōdītis | custōdiēbātis | custōdiētis | custōdīvistis custōdiistis, custōdīstis | custōdīverātis custōdierātis | custōdīveritis custōdieritis |
| 3rd pl. | custōdiunt | custōdiēbant custōdībant | custōdient | custōdīvērunt custōdīvēre, custōdiērunt, custōdiēre | custōdīverant custōdierant | custōdīverint custōdierint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | custōdiam | custōdīrem | custōdīverim custōdierim | custōdīvissem custōdiissem |
| 2nd sg. | custōdiās | custōdīrēs | custōdīverīs custōdierīs | custōdīvissēs custōdiissēs |
| 3rd sg. | custōdiat | custōdīret | custōdīverit custōdierit | custōdīvisset custōdiisset |
| 1st pl. | custōdiāmus | custōdīrēmus | custōdīverīmus custōdierīmus | custōdīvissēmus custōdiissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | custōdiātis | custōdīrētis | custōdīverītis custōdierītis | custōdīvissētis custōdiissētis |
| 3rd pl. | custōdiant | custōdīrent | custōdīverint custōdierint | custōdīvissent custōdiissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | custōdior | custōdiēbar | custōdiar |
| 2nd sg. | custōdīris custōdīre | custōdiēbāris custōdiēbāre | custōdiēris custōdiēre |
| 3rd sg. | custōdītur | custōdiēbātur | custōdiētur |
| 1st pl. | custōdīmur | custōdiēbāmur | custōdiēmur |
| 2nd pl. | custōdīminī | custōdiēbāminī | custōdiēminī |
| 3rd pl. | custōdiuntur | custōdiēbantur | custōdientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | custōdiar | custōdīrer |
| 2nd sg. | custōdiāris custōdiāre | custōdīrēris custōdīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | custōdiātur | custōdīrētur |
| 1st pl. | custōdiāmur | custōdīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | custōdiāminī | custōdīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | custōdiantur | custōdīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | custōdī | custōdīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | custōdīte | custōdīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | custōdītō | custōdītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | custōdītō | custōdītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | custōdītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | custōdiuntō | custōdiuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | custōdīre | custōdīrī |
| perfect infinitive | custōdīvisse custōdiisse | custōdītum esse |
| future infinitive | custōdītūrum esse | custōdītum īrī |
| present participle | custōdiēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | custōdītus custōdīta, custōdītā, custōdītae, custōdītam, custōdītārum, custōdītās, custōdītī, custōdītōrum, custōdītōs |
| future participle | custōdītūrus custōdītūra, custōdītūrā, custōdītūrae, custōdītūram, custōdītūrārum, custōdītūrās, custōdītūre, custōdītūrī, custōdītūrīs, custōdītūrō, custōdītūrōrum, custōdītūrōs, custōdītūrum | custōdiendus custōdiundus |
gerundcustōdiendī, custōdiendō, custōdiendumsupinecustōdītum, custōdītū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- memoria custodire
- to keep in mind.
- custodias agere in vallo
- to keep watch on the rampart.
- praesidia, custodias disponere
- to station posts, pickets, at intervals.
- in vincula (custodiam) dare aliquem
- to put some one in irons, chains.
custōdĭo, īvi, or ĭi, ītum, 4 (
I. fut. pass. custodibitur, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 71), v. a. id., to watch, protect, keep, defend, guard (freq. and class.).
I. In gen.
A. With material objects: Q. Caepio Brutus pro consule provinciam Macedoniam, tueatur, defendat, custodiat incolumemque conservet, Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 26:
tuum corpus domumque, id. Mil. 25, 67: quod me receperit, juverit, custodierit, id. Planc. 10, 26; cf.: in meā salute custodiendā, id. ib. 1, 1: me non solum amicorum fidelitas, sed etiam universae civitatis oculi custodiunt, id. Phil. 12, 9, 22: ut haec insula ab eā (Cerere) ... incoli custodirique videatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107: urbes, Quint. 7, 10, 13: maritimam oram viginti navibus longis, Liv. 36, 2, 11 (cf. tueri, id. 36, 2, 7): officinam diligentiā, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 59: castra nocte, ne quis elabi posset, Liv. 9, 42, 6: amictum, Quint. 5, 14, 31: poma in melle, to lay up, preserve, Col. 12, 45, 3: paries, qui laevum marinae Veneris latus Custodit, Hor. C. 3, 26, 6: tua, id. S. 2, 3, 151: hic stilus ... me veluti custodiet ensis, id. ib. 2, 1, 40.—Esp.: se, to be on the watch: quanto se opere custodiant bestiae, Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 126: fac ut diligentissime te ipsum custodias, id. Att. 14, 17, A, 8.—(b). With ab:
Gortynii templum magnā curā custodiunt non tam a ceteris quam ab Hannibale, Nep. Hann. 9, 4: poma ab insomni dracone, Ov. M. 9, 190: cutem a vitiis, Plin. 28, 8, 25, § 89.— B. With immaterial objects (freq. in postAug. prose), to keep, preserve, regard, take heed, observe, maintain:
id quod tradatur posse percipere animo et memoriā custodire, Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127: dicta litteris, id. ib. 2, 2, 7; cf.: ex his (arboribus) quas memoria hominum custodit, Plin. 16, 44, 85, § 234: illa quae scriptis reposuimus, velut custodire desinimus, Quint. 11, 2, 9; opp. mutare, id. 12, 8, 6: modum ubique, id. 4, 2, 35: regulam loquendi, id. 1, 7, 1: praecepta, Col. 1, 8, 15: eam rationem, id. 4, 29, 11: ordinem, id. 12, 4, 1: quae custodienda in olearam curā ... praecipiemus, Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 125: morem, id. 14, 12, 14, § 88: religiose quod juraveris, id. Pan. 65, 2 et saep.—(b). With ab:
teneriores annos ab injuriā sanctitas docentis custodiat, Quint. 2, 2, 3.—(g). With ut or ne:
in aliis quoque propinquitatibus custodiendum est, ut inviti judicemur dixisse, Quint. 11, 1, 66: quo in genere id est praecipue custodiendum, ne, etc., id. 8, 3, 73; 8, 5, 7; Col. 4, 24, 11: ut custoditum sit ne umquam veniret, etc., Suet. Tib. 7.—II. With the access. idea of hindering free motion, in a good or bad sense.
A. In gen., to hold something back, to preserve, keep:
multorum te oculi et aures non sentientem ... speculabuntur atque custodient, Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 6: aliquem, ne quid auferat, to watch, observe, id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 51: ejus (sc. epistulae) custodiendae et proferendae arbitrium tuum, Cic. Att. 15, 13, 1: librum, id. Fam. 6, 5, 1: codicillos, Suet. Tib. 51: prodit se quamlibet custodiatur simulatio, Quint. 12, 1, 29.—B. Esp., to hold in custody, hold captive:
noctu nervo vinctus custodibitur, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 71; Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 50: ducem praedonum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 68: obsides, Caes. B. G. 6, 4: Domitium, id. B. C. 1, 20: bovem, Verg. A. 8, 218 et saep.—Hence, * cu-stōdītē, adv. (acc. to I.), cautiously, carefully: ut parce custoditeque ludebat! Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 3.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
custōdiō īvī, ītus, īre
custos, to watch, protect, keep, defend, guard: provinciam: tuum corpus: me civitatis oculi custodiunt: custodiri suspecta, be garrisoned, Ta.: castra, ne quis elabi posset, L.: ne qua manus se attollere possit, V.: ut ebibat heres custodis? hoard, H.: quanto se opere custodiant bestiae, are on the watch: diligentissime te ipsum: templum ab Hannibale, N. —To keep, preserve, regard, heed: alqd animo et memoriā: dicta litteris.—To hold back, preserve, keep: multorum te oculi non sentientem custodient: aliquem, ne quid auferat, watch.—To hold in custody, hold captive: ducem praedonum: bovem, V.
Origins
From custōs (“guardian”) + -iō.
Descendants
- Occitancostosirfrom Old Occitan costozir
- Italiancustodire
- Spanishcustodiar
- Gasconacostodir
- Old Frenchcustoïr
- Old Frenchcostoïr
- Old Frenchcosteïr
- Corsicancustudìfrom Italian custodire
- Gasconcustodir