noun · neuterthird declension
corpus
corpus n (genitive corporis)
Classical[ˈkɔr.pʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈkɔr.pus]
№ 75 of the 1,000 commonest wordsMille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- neuterbody, person (person when used to mean "human body", e.g., "on one's person")
c. 65 AD, Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
No one is free who is a slave to the body. - neutersubstance, material (physical, perceptible to the senses)
- neuterthe flesh of an animal's body
- neutera corpse
- neuterthe trunk or shaft of something
- figurativelyneuterthe wood under the bark of a tree
- Medieval Latinneutera corpus (collection of writings by a single author or addressing a certain topic)
- metonymicallyneuterperson, individual
qui liberum corpus in servitutem addixisset
who as a free person might have been sentenced to slavery27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 3.56 - metonymicallyneutera frame, body, system, structure, community, corporation
- New Latinneutera physical object, a body (as in a celestial body)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
tōtus homō praeter animum: caput, membra, vīscera.corpus -oris n — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
body
corpus -oris — in Viri Romae Facillimi, ch. 1, 5, 12, 15, 23
a body
corpus — in Seneca, ch. V
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Cadaver · Corpus
Cadaver denotes the dead body as a mere material substance, like carcass: but corpus as the remains of personality, like corpse, and is always used when the dead body is spoken of with feeling. (vi. 45.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | corpus | corpora |
| genitive | corporis | corporum |
| dative | corporī | corporibus |
| accusative | corpus | corpora |
| ablative | corpore | corporibus |
| vocative | corpus | corpora |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- voluptates (corporis)
- sensual pleasure.
- per totum corpus diffundi
- to spread over the whole body.
- vires corporis or merely vires
- bodily strength.
- vulnera adverso corpore accepta
- wounds (scars) on the breast.
- corpus curare (cibo, vino, somno)
- to refresh oneself, minister to one's bodily wants.
- firma corporis constitutio or affectio
- a good constitution.
- libera corpora sub corona (hasta) veneunt (B. G. 3. 16. 4)
- the free men are sold as slaves.
- totum et animo et corpore in salutem rei publicae se conferre
- to devote oneself body and soul to the good of the state.
corpus, ŏris, n. cf. Sanscr. kar-, to make; Lat. creo,
I. any object composed of materials perceptible by the senses, body, substance (opp. anima and animus; cf. the definition in Dig. 41, 3, 30 pr.).
I. Lit. (very frequent in every period and species of composition).
A. In gen., a body, whether living or lifeless:
tangere aut tangi nisi corpus nulla potest res, Lucr. 1, 305: animi voluptates et dolores nasci fatemur e corporis voluptatibus et doloribus, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 17, 55; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23: vita, quae corpore et spiritu continetur, id. Marcell. 9, 28: parvissima quaeque Corpora constabunt ex partibus infinitis, Lucr. 1, 617: ignea rerum, id. 1, 680: terraï, id. 5, 236: acerbum Neptuni, id. 2, 472: aquae, id. 2, 232 et saep.—Poet., plur. for sing.: nudabant corpora (nymphae) venti, Ov. M. 1, 527; Tib. 1, 8, 52 (cf. σώματα, Soph. Elec. 1232).—B. In partic.
1. The flesh of animal bodies:
ossa subjecta corpori, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139; cf. Quint. 1, prooem. § 24; 12, 10, 5: amittere, to become poor, lean, Lucr. 1, 1038; Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2 fin.; cf.: abiit corpusque colorque, Ov. H. 3, 141; and the opp. facere, to become fat, to thrive, Cels. 7, 3 fin.; cf.: quo cibo fecisti tantum corporis, Phaedr. 3, 7, 5.—In a play upon words: inque omni nusquam corpore corpus erat, Mart. Spect. 7, 6.—b. Transf., the wood under the bark of a tree, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 234.—Of discourse:
nervis illis, quibus causa continetur, adiciunt superinducti corporis speciem, the covering, integument, Quint. 5, 8, 2; 2, 10, 5: corpus eloquentiae facere, the substance, the most essential part, id. 10, 1, 87; cf.: corpus orationis enervatur, Petr. 2.—2. A lifeless body, a corpse, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; 2, 27; Liv. 32, 13, 8 et saep.; Ov. M. 7, 548; id. F. 2, 835 al.—In a double sense, Cic. Sull. 31, 89 Halm.—Poet., the souls of the dead, the shades or departed spirits, Verg. A. 6, 303; 6, 306.—
3. As opposed to the head, the trunk, Ov. M. 11, 794.—
4. In mal. part., the body, person:
usuram ejus corporis cepit sibi, Plaut. Am. prol. 108: illa quae corpus puplicat volgo suum, id. Bacch. 4, 8, 22; id. Cist. 2, 3, 21; cf.: corpore quaestum facere, id. Poen. 5, 3, 21 al.; v. quaestus.— Hence also, the testicles, Phaedr. 3, 11, 3; Hor. S. 1, 2, 43.—5. Periphrastically for the individual, the person (esp. poet., to suggest that which is physically admirable or excellent;
also freq. in the histt.): delecta virum corpora, Verg. A. 2, 18; cf.: lectissima matrum, id. ib. 9, 272: quo pulchrior alter non fuit, excepto corpore Turni, id. ib. 7, 650; 11, 690: septena quot annis Corpora natorum, id. ib. 6, 22: ultor vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis, Ov. M. 3, 58; 7, 655: sororum, Sil. 14, 105; Val. Fl. 2, 653: conjugum vestraque ac liberorum vestrorum, Liv. 21, 13, 7; Tac. A. 4, 72 et saep.: uti corpora nostra ab injuriā tuta forent, Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 9, 8, 5; 31, 46, 16: qui liberum corpus (sc. Virginiam) in servitutem addixissent, id. 3, 56, 8; so, liberum, Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 5, 22, 1; 29, 21, 6; Plin. Pan. 33, 1.—Of animals: corpora magna boum, heads, Verg. G. 3, 369: seu quis Pascit equos ... Corpora praecipue matrum legat, id. ib. 3, 51; id. A. 1, 193: pro tribus corporibus triginta milia talentum auri precatur accipias, Curt. 4, 11, 6.—II. Meton., a whole composed of parts united, a body, frame, system, structure, community, corporation, etc.;
of ships, the framework, Caes. B. C. 1, 54.—Of fortifications: totum corpus coronā militum cingere, Caes. B. G. 7, 72.—Of a land: Sicilia dirempta velut a corpore majore, Just. 4, 1, 1.—Of the state: alterum (praeceptum Platonis), ut totum corpus rei publicae curent, nec dum partem aliquam tuentur, reliquas deserant, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: quae (multitudo) coalescere in populi unius corpus poterat, Liv. 1, 8, 1; cf. id. 34, 9, 3; and: nullum civitatis, a political body, id. 26, 16, 9; 38, 9, 12; Tac. G. 39; Just. 3, 2, 2: totum corpus Macedoniae, id. 7, 1, 12; Liv. 26, 16, 9: sui corporis regem creari, id. 1, 17, 2: corpus mercatorum, guild, Ambros. Ep. 20, 6: corpori valido caput deerat (sc. exercitui dux), Liv. 5, 46, 5: oriundi ab Sabinis sui corporis creari regem volebant, id. 1, 17, 2; cf. id. 4, 9, 4; 6, 34, 5 al.: fabrorum et naviculariorum, Dig. 50, 6, 5: utros ejus habueris libros ... duo enim sunt corpora ... an utrosque, nescio, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4; so of a book, id. Fam. 5, 12, 4; Sen. Tranq. 9, 6; Suet. Gram. 6; Dig. 32, 50 al.; cf.: corpus omnis Romani juris, Liv. 3, 34, 7; hence, Corpus Juris, title of a Roman collection of laws, Cod. Just. 5, 13: rationum, Dig. 40, 5, 37: patrimonii, ib. 4, 2, 20: omnia maternae hereditatis, ib. 4, 31, 79.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
corpus oris, n
1 CER-, a body (living or lifeless): solidum et suci plenum, T.: requies animi et corporis: ingenium sine corpore exercere, S.: corpus sine pectore, H.: Corporis exigui, of small frame, H.: dedit pro corpore nummos, to escape flogging, H.: adverso corpore, in front: corpore toto intorquet, with all his might, V.: gravi salubris corpori, i. e. stomach, H.: volgatum, prostituted, L.—Plur., for sing. (poet.): cruciata corpora demittite nocti, O.: Sanguine in corpora summa vocato, the skin, O.—Flesh: ossa subiecta corpori: corpus amisi: fecisti tantum corporis, Ph.: pars versa est in corporis usum, to serve as flesh, O.— A lifeless body, corpse, trunk: per eorum corpora transire, Cs.: occisorum, S.: corpore ambusto: ne corpus eiciatur. — Substance, matter, reality (poet.): Spem sine corpore amat, O.: metuit sine corpore nomen, O.—A person, individual: tuum corpus domumque custodire: delecta virum corpora, V.: excepto corpore Turni, V.: corpora vestra, coniugum, etc., i. e. you and your wives, L.: liberum corpus habere, retain civil rights, S.: defuncta corpora vitā heroum, shades, V.—Of animals: corpora magna boum, heads, V.: septem ingentia (cervorum), V. — A mass, body, frame, system, structure, community, corporation: corpus navium viminibus contextum, framework, Cs.: totum corpus coronā militum cingere, structure, Cs.: rei p.: civitatis, political body, L.: sui corporis creari regem, L.: Romani iuris, L.—A part, particle, grain: quot haberet corpora pulvis, O.
Origins
Inherited from Proto-Italic *korpos, from Proto-Indo-European *krépos (“body”), from the root *krep-. Equivalent to the Proto-Germanic neuter noun *hrefaz (“body, torso”), whence Old High German href, Old Dutch ref, and Old English hrif (> English riff).
Elsewhere
- Catalancorpus
- Englishcorpus
- Frenchcorpus
- GermanKorpus
- Italiancorpus
- GermanKörperfrom Middle High German korper
- Portuguesecorpus
- Romaniancorpus
- Spanishcorpus
- Basquegorputz
Insular Romance
- Sardiniancólpus
- Sardiniancorpus
- Sardiniancropus
Ibero-Romance
- Portuguesecósfrom Old Galician-Portuguese corpo
- Portuguesecorpofrom Old Galician-Portuguese corpo
- Spanishcuerpofrom Old Spanish cuerpo
- Falacorpofrom Old Galician-Portuguese corpo
- Galiciancorpofrom Old Galician-Portuguese corpo
- Asturiancuerpufrom Old Leonese cuerpu
- Asturiancuörpufrom Old Leonese cuerpu
- Asturiancuorpufrom Old Leonese cuerpu
- Asturiancuirpufrom Old Leonese cuerpu
- Asturiancuerpofrom Old Leonese cuerpu
Gallo-Romance
- Catalancosfrom Old Catalan cors
- Occitancòsfrom Old Occitan cors
- Franco-Provençalcorps
- Old Frenchcors
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italiancorpo
- Galluresecolpufrom Corsican corpu
- Sassaresecoìpufrom Corsican corpu
- Dalmatiancuarp
- Dalmatiankuarp
- Istriotcuorpo
- Neapolitancuorpo
- Siciliancorpu
- Cimbriankhòrpfrom Venetan corpo
Balkano-Romance
- Megleno-Romaniancorp
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friuliancuarp
- Ladincorp
- Romanshcorp
Gallo-Italic
- Emiliancôrp
- Liguriancòrpo
- Lombardcòrp
- Piedmontesecòrp
- Romagnolcörp
In English words that came into English from corpus
- corpsecorpus
- corpuscorpus
- corpscorpus
- corporatecorporātus
- corpulentcorpulentus
- corporationcorporatio
- corpusclecorpusculum
- incorporealincorporeus
- corporalcorporāle
- corporealcorporeus
- corporeitycorporeitas
- corporifycorpus
- corposantcorpus
- corporativecorporātīvus