LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective

contrārius

contrārius (feminine contrāria, neuter contrārium, adverb contrāriē)
Classical[kɔnˈtraː.ri.ʊs]Ecclesiastical[konˈtraː.ri.us]
Mille Verba core vocabulary

Meaning

  1. adjectiveopposite, opposed, contrary, conflicting, witherward
    ex contrarioon the contrary

Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers

Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms

Varius · Diversus · Contrarius · Versicolor · Variegare

1. Varium (from αἰόλος) means, possessing differences in its own texture, varied; whereas diversum, differing from something else, distinct. Catull. 47, 10. Quos longe simul a domo profectos diverse variæ viæ reportant; that is, whom various ways, in an entirely different direction, bring home. Tac. Hist. i. 25. Otho postquam vario sermone callidos et audaces cognovit pretio et promissis onerat . . . Suspensos cæterorum animos diversis artibus (namely, spe et metu) stimulant. 2. The diversa will have nothing in common, and go different or even opposite ways from each other; whereas the contraria confront and stand directly opposite to each other. Hence the following climax in Cic. Divin. ii. 26, 55. Diversas aut etiam contrarias. Vell. Pat. ii. 75. Diversa præsentibus et contraria exspectatis sperare. Quintil. v. 10, 26. 3. Varium denotes variegated, as exhibiting different colors at the same time, like ποικίλον; whereas versicolor, that which changes its color, according to the light in which it is held, like αἰόλον. Propert. iii. 13, 32. Aut variam plumæ versicoloris avem. Pliny is describing two different properties, xxxvii. 10, when he describes the stone Mithrax, as at the same time multicolor and contra solem varie refulgens. 4. Variare means to give a varied appearance in general; variegare, to give a varied appearance, especially by different colors. (iii. 269.)

Declension

singular
formmasculinefeminineneuter
nominativecontrāriuscontrāriacontrārium
genitivecontrāriīcontrāriaecontrāriī
dativecontrāriōcontrāriaecontrāriō
accusativecontrāriumcontrāriamcontrārium
ablativecontrāriōcontrāriācontrāriō
vocativecontrāriecontrāriacontrārium
plural
formmasculinefeminineneuter
nominativecontrāriīcontrāriaecontrāria
genitivecontrāriōrumcontrāriārumcontrāriōrum
dativecontrāriīscontrāriīscontrāriīs
accusativecontrāriōscontrāriāscontrāria
ablativecontrāriīscontrāriīscontrāriīs
vocativecontrāriīcontrāriaecontrāria

Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book

in contrarium; in contrarias partes
in an opposite direction.
in utramque partem, in contrarias partes disputare (De Or. 1. 34)
to discuss both sides of a question.

contrārĭus, a, um, adj. contra,
I. lying or being over against, opposite.
I. In gen.
A. Prop., of places (syn. adversus): collis adversus huic et contrarius, Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.: contraria tigna iis (tignis), id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and: gemma soli, Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131: contrario amne, against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73: tellus, Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429: ripa, Dig. 41, 1, 65: auris, Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77: contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera), in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84: in contrarias partes fluere, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.: tignis in contrariam partem revinctis, Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93: contrario ictu uterque transfixus, by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry,
B. Transf., of other objects.
1. In gen., opposite, contrary, opposed (syn. diversus); constr. with the gen., dat., inter se, atque, or absol.
(a). With gen.: hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—
(b). With dat.: voluptas honestati, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: fortuna rationi et constantiae, id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.: vitium illi virtuti, Quint. 11, 3, 44: rusticitas urbanitati, id. 6, 3, 17: pes bacchio, id. 9, 4, 102: color albo, Ov. M. 2, 541: aestus vento, id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —
(g). With inter se: orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—
(d). With atque: versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—(ε) Absol.: aut bono casu aut contrario, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum, id. Cael. 5, 12: ardor, Lucr. 3, 252: exemplum, Quint. 5, 11, 7: jus, id. 5, 11, 32: leges, conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.: latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent, going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31: disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis, on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158: ex contrariā parte dicere, id. Inv. 1, 18, 26: in contrariam partem adferre aliquid, id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al.—
2. Esp., subst.: contrārĭum, ii, n., the opposite, contrary, reverse.
a. In gen.: contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120: si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia ... sin autem contraria, etc., Nep. Epam. 4, 2: dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt, Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487: ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet, Ov. M. 3, 329: in contraria versus, transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.: contraria earum (artium) ... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67: fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia, id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.: quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat, Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam: qui contraria faciat quam Deus, Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—
b. As rhet. fig., the antithesis, contrast, opposite, Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 42; Auct. Her. 4, 19, 27; Jul. Ruf. Schem. Lex. § 11.—
c. Adverb. phrases: ex contrario, on the contrary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16: e contrario, Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43; rarely ex contrariis, Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19; 11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium, Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197: per contrarium, Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.—
II. In partic.
1. Of weight: aes contrarium, weighed against, = ἀντίρροπον, Paul. ex Fest. p. 64, 12 Müll.; cf. Scalig. ad Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30.—
2. Of hostile opposition, inimical, hostile, hurtful, pernicious, etc. (more rare than adversarius, and mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose): contrariis dis, Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.: Averna avibus cunctis, dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.: usus lactis capitis doloribus, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130: hyssopum stomacho, id. 25, 11, 87, § 136: quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt, injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.: philosophia imperaturo, Suet. Ner. 52: exta, unfavorable, id. Oth. 8: saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios, hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17: litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor, Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.—Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.—Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner: sidera procedentia, Cic. Univ 9 med.: scriptum, id. Part. Or. 31, 108: relata verba, id. de Or. 2, 65, 263: dicere, Tac. Or. 34.

Origins

  1. Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
  2. Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
  3. Proto-Italic*kom
  4. Proto-Italic*kom-
  5. Latincontrārius

Proto-Italic *komterosder. Proto-Italic *komterād Latin contrā Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -ārius Latin contrārius From contrā (“against”) + -ārius.

Learned borrowings
  • Catalancontrari
  • Englishcontrary
  • Frenchcontraire
  • Romaniancontrarfrom French contraire
  • Italiancontrario
  • Romaniancontrariufrom Italian contrario
  • Occitancontrari
  • Portuguesecontrário
  • Spanishcontrario
  • Spanishcontrallo
Ibero-Romance
  • SpanishContreras
Ancient borrowings
  • Albaniankundruall
  • Welshcythraulfrom Proto-Brythonic *kuθrọl

In English words that came into English from contrārius

  • contrarycontrārius
  • contrarietycontrarietas

Quick answers

What does contrārius mean in Latin?
contrārius, a adjective, means “opposite, opposed, contrary, conflicting, witherward”.
How do you pronounce contrārius?
In classical Latin, [kɔnˈtraː.ri.ʊs]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [konˈtraː.ri.us].
Where does contrārius come from?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? → Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm → Proto-Italic *kom → Proto-Italic *kom- → Latin contrārius.