contrārius
Meaning
- adjectiveopposite, opposed, contrary, conflicting, witherward
ex contrario
on the contrary
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
adversus, ex adversō veniēnsChoosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Varius · Diversus · Contrarius · Versicolor · Variegare
1. Varium (from αἰόλος) means, possessing differences in its own texture, varied; whereas diversum, differing from something else, distinct. Catull. 47, 10. Quos longe simul a domo profectos diverse variæ viæ reportant; that is, whom various ways, in an entirely different direction, bring home. Tac. Hist. i. 25. Otho postquam vario sermone callidos et audaces cognovit pretio et promissis onerat . . . Suspensos cæterorum animos diversis artibus (namely, spe et metu) stimulant. 2. The diversa will have nothing in common, and go different or even opposite ways from each other; whereas the contraria confront and stand directly opposite to each other. Hence the following climax in Cic. Divin. ii. 26, 55. Diversas aut etiam contrarias. Vell. Pat. ii. 75. Diversa præsentibus et contraria exspectatis sperare. Quintil. v. 10, 26. 3. Varium denotes variegated, as exhibiting different colors at the same time, like ποικίλον; whereas versicolor, that which changes its color, according to the light in which it is held, like αἰόλον. Propert. iii. 13, 32. Aut variam plumæ versicoloris avem. Pliny is describing two different properties, xxxvii. 10, when he describes the stone Mithrax, as at the same time multicolor and contra solem varie refulgens. 4. Variare means to give a varied appearance in general; variegare, to give a varied appearance, especially by different colors. (iii. 269.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | contrārius | contrāria | contrārium |
| genitive | contrāriī | contrāriae | contrāriī |
| dative | contrāriō | contrāriae | contrāriō |
| accusative | contrārium | contrāriam | contrārium |
| ablative | contrāriō | contrāriā | contrāriō |
| vocative | contrārie | contrāria | contrārium |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | contrāriī | contrāriae | contrāria |
| genitive | contrāriōrum | contrāriārum | contrāriōrum |
| dative | contrāriīs | contrāriīs | contrāriīs |
| accusative | contrāriōs | contrāriās | contrāria |
| ablative | contrāriīs | contrāriīs | contrāriīs |
| vocative | contrāriī | contrāriae | contrāria |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- in contrarium; in contrarias partes
- in an opposite direction.
- in utramque partem, in contrarias partes disputare (De Or. 1. 34)
- to discuss both sides of a question.
collis adversus huic et contrarius, Caes. B. G. 2, 18; cf.: contraria tigna iis (tignis), id. ib. 4, 17, 5; and: gemma soli, Plin. 37, 9, 47, § 131: contrario amne, against the stream, id. 21, 12, 43, § 73: tellus, Ov. M. 1, 65; cf. id. ib. 13, 429: ripa, Dig. 41, 1, 65: auris, Plin. 24, 10, 47, § 77: contraria vulnera ( = adversa vulnera), in front, on the breast, Tac. H. 3, 84: in contrarias partes fluere, Cic. Div. 1, 35, 78; cf.: tignis in contrariam partem revinctis, Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.. si pelles utriusque (hyaenae et pantherae) contrariae suspendantur, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93: contrario ictu uterque transfixus, by a blow from the opposite direction, Liv. 2, 6, 9.— With inter se, Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 49.—With atque, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—Far more freq. and class. in prose and poetry, hujus virtutis contraria est vitiositas, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34; id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67 Madv. N. cr.; Quint. 5, 10, 49 al.—voluptas honestati, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: fortuna rationi et constantiae, id. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. Top. 11, 46 sq.: vitium illi virtuti, Quint. 11, 3, 44: rusticitas urbanitati, id. 6, 3, 17: pes bacchio, id. 9, 4, 102: color albo, Ov. M. 2, 541: aestus vento, id. ib. 8, 471 et saep. —orationes inter se contrariae Aeschinis Demosthenisque, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14; so id. de Or. 2, 55, 223; Quint. prooem. § 2; 1, 10, 6; 10, 1, 22.—versantur retro contrario motu atque caelum, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.—(ε) Absol.: aut bono casu aut contrario, Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36: monstrum ex contrariis diversisque inter se pugnantibus naturae studiis conflatum, id. Cael. 5, 12: ardor, Lucr. 3, 252: exemplum, Quint. 5, 11, 7: jus, id. 5, 11, 32: leges, conflicting, id. 3, 6, 43; Dig. 1, 3, 28: actiones, cross-suits, Gai Inst. 4, 174 al.: latitudo quā contrariae quinqueremes commearent, going in opposite directions, Suet. Ner. 31: disputandum est de omni re in contrarias partis, on both sides, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 158: ex contrariā parte dicere, id. Inv. 1, 18, 26: in contrariam partem adferre aliquid, id. de Or. 2, 53, 215 al.—contrarium decernebat ac paulo ante decreverat, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46, § 120: si ea rex vult, quae Thebanis sint utilia ... sin autem contraria, etc., Nep. Epam. 4, 2: dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt, Hor. S. 1, 2, 24; cf.: diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae, in opposite directions, Verg A. 12, 487: ut auctoris sortem in contraria mutet, Ov. M. 3, 329: in contraria versus, transformed, id. ib. 12, 179.—With gen.: contraria earum (artium) ... vitia quae sunt virtutum contraria, Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67: fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia, id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. Quint. 5, 10, 49.—With dat.: quis non diversa praesentibus contrariaque exspectatis aut speret aut timeat, Vell. 2, 75, 2: qui contraria Deo faciat, Lact. de Ira, 3, 3.—With quam: qui contraria faciat quam Deus, Lact. 3, 29, 13; Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 24; Claud. in Eutr. 2, 267.—ex contrario, on the contrary, on the other hand, Caes. B. G. 7, 30; Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 47; id. Inv. 2, 8, 25; Quint. 6, 1, 16: e contrario, Nep. Iphicr. 1, 4; id. Ham. 1, 2; id. Att. 9, 3; id. Eum. 1, 5 (al. contrario without e); Quint. 1, 5, 43; rarely ex contrariis, Quint. 8, 5, 9; 8, 5, 18; 10, 1, 19; 11, 3, 39 al.—In the same sense, but more rarely, in contrarium, Plin. 18, 24, 54, § 197: per contrarium, Dig. 2, 4, 8, § 1; 2, 15, 8; 28, 1, 20 al.— contrariis dis, Varr. L. L. 5, § 70 Müll.: Averna avibus cunctis, dangerous, destructive, Lucr. 6, 741; cf.: usus lactis capitis doloribus, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 130: hyssopum stomacho, id. 25, 11, 87, § 136: quam (sc. perspicuitatem) quidam etiam contrariam interim putaverunt, injurious, disadvantageous, Quint. 4, 2, 64 Spald.; cf.: philosophia imperaturo, Suet. Ner. 52: exta, unfavorable, id. Oth. 8: saepe quos ipse alueris, Tibi inveniri maxime contrarios, hostile, Phaedr. 4, 11, 17: litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas Imprecor, Verg. A. 4, 628; cf. id. ib. 7, 293.—Subst.: contrārĭus, ii, m., an opponent, antagonist; plur., Vitr. 3, praef. 2.—Adv.: con-trārĭē, in an opposite direction, in a different manner: sidera procedentia, Cic. Univ 9 med.: scriptum, id. Part. Or. 31, 108: relata verba, id. de Or. 2, 65, 263: dicere, Tac. Or. 34.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱe?
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱóm
- Proto-Italic*kom
- Proto-Italic*kom-
- Latincontrārius
Proto-Italic *komterosder. Proto-Italic *komterād Latin contrā Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -ārius Latin contrārius From contrā (“against”) + -ārius.
- Catalancontrari
- Englishcontrary
- Frenchcontraire
- Romaniancontrarfrom French contraire
- Italiancontrario
- Romaniancontrariufrom Italian contrario
- Occitancontrari
- Portuguesecontrário
- Spanishcontrario
- Spanishcontrallo
- SpanishContreras
- Albaniankundruall
- Welshcythraulfrom Proto-Brythonic *kuθrọl
In English words that came into English from contrārius
- contrarycontrārius
- contrarietycontrarietas