verbirregular conjugation
circumeō
circumeō (present infinitive circumīre, perfect active circumiī or circumīvī, supine circumitum)
Classical[kɪrˈkʊ.me.oː]Ecclesiastical[t͡ʃirˈkuː.me.o]
Meaning
- to go, travel or march around; to circulate
- to skirt
- to surround, encircle, enclose or encompass
- to circle
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
circā eō, lūstrōcircumeō -īre — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 2
in circuitū eōcircumeō -īre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 10
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ambire · Circumire
Circumire denotes motion in any circular form, but on the boundaries of a space, so as to go round it; ambire denotes going hither and thither in zigzag, or going about. Plin. Ep. ii. 9. Ambio domos, stationesque circumeo: and Cic. Att. xiv. 21. Antonium circumire veteranos, ut acta Cæsaris sancirent; that is, He made in his canvassing the round, from first to last;—stronger than ambire, which would only express his canvassing, and addressing the veterans in general.
Conjugation irregular
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumeō | circumībam | circumībō | circumiī circumīvī | circumieram circumīveram | circumierō circumīverō |
| 2nd sg. | circumīs | circumībās | circumībis | circumīstī circumiistī, circumīvistī | circumierās circumīverās | circumieris circumīveris |
| 3rd sg. | circumit | circumībat | circumībit circumīet | circumiit circumīvit | circumierat circumīverat | circumierit circumīverit |
| 1st pl. | circumīmus | circumībāmus | circumībimus | circumiimus circumīvimus | circumierāmus circumīverāmus | circumierimus circumīverimus |
| 2nd pl. | circumītis | circumībātis | circumībitis | circumīstis circumiistis, circumīvistis | circumierātis circumīverātis | circumieritis circumīveritis |
| 3rd pl. | circumeunt | circumībant | circumībunt | circumiērunt circumiēre, circumīvērunt, circumīvēre | circumierant circumīverant | circumierint circumīverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumeam | circumīrem | circumierim circumīverim | circumīssem circumiissem, circumīvissem |
| 2nd sg. | circumeās | circumīrēs | circumierīs circumīverīs | circumīssēs circumiissēs, circumīvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | circumeat | circumīret | circumierit circumīverit | circumīsset circumiisset, circumīvisset |
| 1st pl. | circumeāmus | circumīrēmus | circumierīmus circumīverīmus | circumīssēmus circumiissēmus, circumīvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | circumeātis | circumīrētis | circumierītis circumīverītis | circumīssētis circumiissētis, circumīvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | circumeant | circumīrent | circumierint circumīverint | circumīssent circumiissent, circumīvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumeor | circumībar | circumībor |
| 2nd sg. | circumīris circumīre | circumībāris circumībāre | circumīberis circumībere |
| 3rd sg. | circumītur | circumībātur | circumībitur |
| 1st pl. | circumīmur | circumībāmur | circumībimur |
| 2nd pl. | circumīminī | circumībāminī | circumībiminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumeuntur | circumībantur | circumībuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | circumear | circumīrer |
| 2nd sg. | circumeāris circumeāre | circumīrēris circumīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | circumeātur | circumīrētur |
| 1st pl. | circumeāmur | circumīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | circumeāminī | circumīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | circumeantur | circumīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | circumī | circumīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | circumīte | circumīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | circumītō | circumītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | circumītō | circumītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | circumītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | circumeuntō | circumeuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | circumīre | circumīrī circumīrier |
| perfect infinitive | circumīsse circumiisse, circumīvisse | circumitum esse |
| future infinitive | circumitūrum esse | circumitum īrī |
| present participle | circumiēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | circumitus |
| future participle | circumitūrus circumitūra, circumitūrā, circumitūrae, circumitūram, circumitūrārum, circumitūrās, circumitūre, circumitūrī, circumitūrīs, circumitūrō, circumitūrōrum, circumitūrōs, circumitūrum | circumeundus |
gerundcircumeundī, circumeundō, circumeundumsupinecircumitum, circumitū
circŭm-ĕo or circŭĕŏ (v. circum, III.; Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 736 sq.), īvi or ii, circuĭtum, īre (
I. Prop., to go around, travel or march around, etc. (class.): sparsis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu flagrantes circuit aras, Ov. M. 7, 258:
per hortum circuit, makes a circuit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 152; cf. Nep. Eum. 9, 2: si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint, circumire cogemur, Quint. 2, 13, 16: an quasi mare omnes circumimus insulas? i. e. from one to another (cf. circum, II. C.), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 6: alvearia, Col. 9, 9: fines equis, id. 1, 3: praedia, Cic. Caecin. 32, 94: haec una opera circuit per familias, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 53: qui imperavit ei, ut omnes fores aedificii circumiret, Nep. Hann. 12, 4: urbem, Liv. 23, 25, 2: Marcio et Atilio Epirus, Aetolia et Thessalia circumeundae assignantur... Lentuli circumeuntes Peloponnesi oppida, etc., id. 42, 37, 3 and 7: haud ignarus erat circuitam ab Romanis eam (Hispaniam) legatis, id. 21, 22, 1: Civilis avia Belgarum circumibat, Tac. H. 4, 70: manibus nexis trunci modum, to surround, Ov. M. 8, 748: non potuere uno anno circumirier, Plaut. Curc. 3, 81: proximis insulis circuitis, Suet. Aug. 98: equites circumitis hostium castris Crasso renuntiaverunt, Caes. B. G. 3, 25: circuitis templis, Suet. Ner. 19 al.: at pater omnipotens ingentia moenia caeli Circuit, Ov. M. 2, 402: circueunt unum Phineus et mille secuti Phinea, surround, id. ib. 5, 157 (cf. circum, II. E.): Leucada continuam veteres habuere coloni; nunc freta circumeunt, flow around it, id. ib. 15, 290: more lupi oves, id. P. 1, 2, 20: metam ferventi rotā, avoids, id. A. A. 3, 396.—B. Esp.
1. To surround, encircle, enclose, encompass.
(a). Esp. in milit. lang.:
totam urbem muro turribusque circumiri posse, Caes. B. C. 2, 16: aciem, sinistrum cornu, id. ib. 3, 93 sq.: multitudine circumiri, Nep. Them. 3, 2; id. Dat. 7, 3; Liv. 41, 26, 4; Gall. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4: ab iisdem acies Pompeiana a sinistrā parte erat circumita, Caes. B. C. 3, 94.—(b). In gen., absol.:
quae circumibit linea, ejusdem spatii erit, cujus ea quae centum continet, Quint. 1, 10, 44.—With acc.: extremas oleis pacalibus oras (Pallas), Ov. M. 6, 101: cujus non hederae circumiere caput, Prop. 2 (3), 5, 26.—2. To go from one to another, soliciting, canvassing, admonishing, etc., qs. to go the rounds (stronger than ambire, which signif. to go to this one and that; most freq. after the Aug. per.;
in Cic. perh. only once, in his epistt.): itaque prenso amicos, supplico, ambio domos stationesque circumeo, Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 5: (Antonium) circumire veteranos, ut acta Caesaris sancirent, Cic. Att. 14, 21, 2; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 2: Quinctilius circumire aciem Curionis atque obsecrare milites coepit, Caes. B. C. 2, 28: sed ipse Romulus circumibat docebatque, Liv. 1, 9, 14; 1, 47, 7; 3, 47, 2: ille Persarum tabernacula circumire, hortari, Curt. 5, 9, 17; Tac. A. 2, 29; Plin. Pan. 69, 2; Suet. Aug. 56; id. Tib. 11: rex agmen circuibat pedes, Curt. 7, 3, 17; cf.: cui orbem terrarum circumire non erit longum meā causā, Plin. Ep. 7, 16, 4; 2, 9, 5.—II. Trop.
A. To surround, enclose:
totius belli fluctibus circumiri, Cic. Phil. 18, 9, 20: ne superante numero et peritiā locorum circumiretur, Tac. Agr. 25 fin.; Stat. S. 4, 4, 26.—B. Like our circumvent, to deceive, impose upon, cheat, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 109:
facinus indignum, Sic circumiri, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9: puerum arte dolosā, Mart. 8, 59, 14.—C. Of discourse, to express by circumlocution (postAug.):
res plurimae carent appellationibus, ut eas necesse sit transferre aut circumire, Quint. 12, 10, 34; 8, prooem. § 24 Spald.; 8, 2, 17: Vespasiani nomen suspensi et vitabundi circumibant, went around, avoided mentioning it, Tac. H. 3, 37.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
circum-eo or circueo īvī or iī, circumitus or circuitus, īre,
to go around, travel around, march around: flagrantīs aras, O.: fores, N.: urbem, L.: manibus trunci modum, to surround, O.: circumitis hostium castris, Cs.: unum, surround, O.: oleis pacalibus oras, encircles, O.: quā re circumirent, make a circuit, N.—To go around, visit, inspect: praedia: sancios, Ta.: vigilias, S. — In war, to surround, encircle, enclose, encompass: urbem muro circumiri, Cs.: multitudine circumiri, N.: ab iisdem acies a sinistrā parte erat circumita, Cs. —To go around, canvass: aciem, solicit, Cs.: ordines, Cs.: senatum, L.: veteranos, ut, etc.: circumibat docebatque, L. — Fig., to surround, encompass, encircle, enclose: totius belli fluctibus circumiri: ne superante numero circumiretur, Ta. —To deceive, impose upon, cheat, circumvent: Sic circumiri, T.
Origins
Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin eō Latin circumeō From circum + eō (“to go”).
In English words that came into English from circumeō
- circuitcircuitus
- circuitouscircuitōsus
- circuitioncircuitiōnem