verbfirst conjugation
cavō
cavō (present infinitive cavāre, perfect active cavāvī, supine cavātum)
Classical[ˈka.woː]Ecclesiastical[ˈkaː.vo]
Meaning
- to make hollow, hollow out, excavate
- to perforate, pierce
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cavō | cavābam | cavābō | cavāvī | cavāveram | cavāverō cavārō |
| 2nd sg. | cavās | cavābās | cavābis | cavāvistī cavāstī | cavāverās cavārās | cavāveris |
| 3rd sg. | cavat | cavābat | cavābit | cavāvit | cavāverat cavārat | cavāverit cavārit |
| 1st pl. | cavāmus | cavābāmus | cavābimus | cavāvimus | cavāverāmus | cavāverimus cavārimus |
| 2nd pl. | cavātis | cavābātis | cavābitis | cavāvistis cavāstis | cavāverātis cavārātis | cavāveritis cavāritis |
| 3rd pl. | cavant | cavābant | cavābunt | cavāvērunt cavāvēre, cavārunt | cavāverant cavārant | cavāverint cavārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cavem | cavārem | cavāverim cavārim | cavāvissem cavāssem |
| 2nd sg. | cavēs | cavārēs | cavāverīs | cavāvissēs cavāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | cavet | cavāret | cavāverit cavārit | cavāvisset cavāsset |
| 1st pl. | cavēmus | cavārēmus | cavāverīmus cavārīmus | cavāvissēmus cavāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | cavētis | cavārētis | cavāverītis cavārītis | cavāvissētis cavāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | cavent | cavārent | cavāverint cavārint | cavāvissent cavāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | cavor | cavābar | cavābor |
| 2nd sg. | cavāris cavāre | cavābāris cavābāre | cavāberis cavābere |
| 3rd sg. | cavātur | cavābātur | cavābitur |
| 1st pl. | cavāmur | cavābāmur | cavābimur |
| 2nd pl. | cavāminī | cavābāminī | cavābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | cavantur | cavābantur | cavābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | caver | cavārer |
| 2nd sg. | cavēris cavēre | cavārēris cavārēre |
| 3rd sg. | cavētur | cavārētur |
| 1st pl. | cavēmur | cavārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | cavēminī | cavārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | caventur | cavārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | cavā | cavāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | cavāte | cavāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | cavātō | cavātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | cavātō | cavātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | cavātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | cavantō | cavantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | cavāre | cavārī |
| perfect infinitive | cavāvisse cavāsse | cavātum esse |
| future infinitive | cavātūrum esse | cavātum īrī |
| present participle | cavāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | cavātus cavāta, cavātā, cavātae, cavātam, cavātārum, cavātās, cavātī, cavātōrum, cavātōs |
| future participle | cavātūrus cavātūra, cavātūrā, cavātūrae, cavātūram, cavātūrārum, cavātūrās, cavātūre, cavātūrī, cavātūrīs, cavātūrō, cavātūrōrum, cavātūrōs, cavātūrum | cavandus cavanda, cavandā, cavandae, cavandam, cavandārum, cavandās, cavande, cavandīs, cavandōrum, cavandōs |
gerundcavandī, cavandō, cavandumsupinecavātum, cavātū
căvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. cavus,
I. to make hollow, to hollow out, excavate (class., but not in Cic.;
for in Leg. 2, 18, 45, dicato is the correct reading, B. and K.): stillicidi casus lapidem cavat, Lucr. 1, 313; cf. Ov. M. 4, 525: naves ex arboribus, Liv. 21, 26, 9: arbore lintres, Verg. G. 1, 262: buxum, id. ib. 2, 450: dentes cavantur tabe pituitae, Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 70: luna cavans cornua (in waning), id. 8, 17, 23, § 63: parmam galeamque gladio, i. e. to pierce through, perforate, Ov. M. 12, 130: tegmina tuta cavant capitum, hollow out, poet. for round off, bend around, fabricate, Verg. A. 7, 632.—Hence, căvātus, a, um, P. a., hollowed, excavated, hollow: alni, Verg. G. 1, 136: cortices, id. ib. 2, 387: rupes, id. A. 3, 229: anfracta aurium, Varr. ap. Non. p. 193, 3: oculi, Lucr. 6, 1194 (with cava tempora): vallis, Varr. L. L. 5, § 20 Müll.: torrens alibi aliter, Liv. 44, 35, 17.—Comp.: sinus cavatior, Tert. adv. Herm. 29. Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
cavō āvī, ātus, āre
cavus, to make hollow, hollow out, excavate: (scopuli) pars cavatur Fluctibus, O.: naves ex arboribus, L.: arbore lintres, V.: parmam gladio, i. e. to pierce through, O.: Tegmina tuta cavant capitum, hollow out, i. e. bend around, V.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱewh₁-
- Proto-Indo-European*ḱowh₁ós?
- Proto-Italic*kawos
- Latincavō
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin cavō From cavus (“hollow”) + -ō; related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌅𐌄 (cave).
Descendants
- Catalancavar
- Italiancavare
- Occitancavar
- Portuguesecavar
- Spanishcavar
- Asturiancavar
- Friuliangjavâ
- Galiciancavar
- Old Frenchchaver
- Old Frenchchever