LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
proper noun · neutersecond declension

Capitōlium1

Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī)
Classical[ka.pɪˈtoː.li.ũː]Ecclesiastical[ka.piˈtɔː.li.um]

Meaning

  1. The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.

Declension

declension
formsingularplural
nominativeCapitōlium—
genitiveCapitōliī
Capitōlī		—
dativeCapitōliō—
accusativeCapitōlium—
ablativeCapitōliō—
vocativeCapitōlium—

Căpĭtōlĭum, ii, n., = Καπιτώλιον [ = capitulum, from caput]; in a restricted sense,
I. the Capitol, the temple of Jupiter, at Rome, built on the summit of Mons Saturnius or Tarpeius by the Tarquinii, and afterwards splendidly adorned, Liv. 1, 55, 1 sq.; v. Class. Dict.; Verg. A. 9, 448; opp. to the Arx, and separated from it by the Intermontium.—In a more extended sense, the whole hill (hence called Mons or Clivus Capitolinus), including the temple and citadel, separated from the Palatine Hill by the Forum Romanum, now Campidoglio. Acc. to a fanciful etym., this word is derived from the discovery of a man's head in laying the foundations of the temple, Varr. L. L. 5, § 41 Müll.; Liv. 1, 55, 6: which Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 345, and Arn. 6, p. 194, also give as the head of a certain Tolus or Olus. The Capitolimn was regarded by the Romans as indestructible, and was adopted as a symbol of eternity, Verg. A. 9, 448; Hor. C. 3, 30, 8 sq. Orell. ad loc.—Poet., in plur., Verg. A. 8, 347; Ov. A. A. 3, 115; Prop. 4 (5), 4, 27; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 397.—
2. Căpĭtōlĭum Vĕtus, the Old Capitol, an earlier temple of Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva, on the Quirinal, Varr. L. L. 5, § 158; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, 713.—
II. Transf.
A. The citadel of any town, e. g. in Capua, Suet. Tib. 40; id. Calig. 57; in Beneventum, id. Gram. 9; cf. also Plaut, Curc. 2, 2, 19; Sil. 11, 267; Inscr. Orell. 68 (Veronae); 3314 (Faleriis); 6139 (Constantinae); 6978 sq.—
B. In eccl. Lat., any heathen temple, Prud. contr. Symm. 1, 632.

Origins

From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) or -ōlus (“-ole”, diminutive suffix) + -ium (suffix forming place names). Compare capito and capitulum.

Inherited forms
  • EnglishCapitolfrom Old French capitoile
  • Englishcapitolfrom Old French capitoile
  • ItalianCampidoglio
  • FrenchChapteuilfrom Old Occitan capdolh
  • SicilianCapitogghiu
Borrowings
  • EnglishCapitolium
  • PortugueseCapitólio
  • SpanishCapitolio
  • SicilianCapitùliu
noun · neutersecond declension
Capitōlium2
Capitōlium n sg (genitive Capitōliī or Capitōlī)
Classical[ka.pɪˈtoː.li.ũː]Ecclesiastical[ka.piˈtɔː.li.um]

Meaning

  1. figurativelyAny eternal thing.
  2. figurativelyAny similar citadel in other towns.
  3. EcclesiasticalLatinMedieval LatinAny pagan temple.

Declension

declension
formsingularplural
nominativeCapitōliumCapitōlia
genitiveCapitōliī
Capitōlī		Capitōliōrum
dativeCapitōliōCapitōliīs
accusativeCapitōliumCapitōlia
ablativeCapitōliōCapitōliīs
vocativeCapitōliumCapitōlia

Origins

From the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) or -ōlus (“-ole”, diminutive suffix) + -ium (suffix forming place names). Compare capito and capitulum.

Quick answers

What does Capitōlium mean in Latin?
Capitōlium, a proper noun, means “The Capitoline Hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, particularly (historical) the Roman temples there in antiquity.”.
What is the genitive of Capitōlium?
The genitive singular is Capitōliī. Capitōlium is neuter, second declension.
How do you pronounce Capitōlium?
In classical Latin, [ka.pɪˈtoː.li.ũː]; in ecclesiastical (church) Latin, [ka.piˈtɔː.li.um].