verbfirst conjugation
caelō
caelō (present infinitive caelāre, perfect active caelāvī, supine caelātum)
Classical[ˈkae̯.ɫoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈt͡ʃɛː.lo]
Meaning
- to carve
- to engrave, emboss or chase
Māteriam superābat opus: nam Mulciber illīc aequora caelārat mediās cingentia terrās
The craftsmanship surpassed the materials: for there Vulcan had engraved the oceans, surrounding the central lands, and the Earth’s sphere and the sky, which overhangs the earth.8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 2.5–7 - figurativelyto embroider
- figurativelyto compose
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
in metallō fingō et sculpōcaelō -āre — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 5, 16
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | caelō | caelābam | caelābō | caelāvī | caelāveram | caelāverō caelārō |
| 2nd sg. | caelās | caelābās | caelābis | caelāvistī caelāstī | caelāverās caelārās | caelāveris |
| 3rd sg. | caelat | caelābat | caelābit | caelāvit | caelāverat caelārat | caelāverit caelārit |
| 1st pl. | caelāmus | caelābāmus | caelābimus | caelāvimus | caelāverāmus | caelāverimus caelārimus |
| 2nd pl. | caelātis | caelābātis | caelābitis | caelāvistis caelāstis | caelāverātis caelārātis | caelāveritis caelāritis |
| 3rd pl. | caelant | caelābant | caelābunt | caelāvērunt caelāvēre, caelārunt | caelāverant caelārant | caelāverint caelārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | caelem | caelārem | caelāverim caelārim | caelāvissem caelāssem |
| 2nd sg. | caelēs | caelārēs | caelāverīs | caelāvissēs caelāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | caelet | caelāret | caelāverit caelārit | caelāvisset caelāsset |
| 1st pl. | caelēmus | caelārēmus | caelāverīmus caelārīmus | caelāvissēmus caelāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | caelētis | caelārētis | caelāverītis caelārītis | caelāvissētis caelāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | caelent | caelārent | caelāverint caelārint | caelāvissent caelāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | caelor | caelābar | caelābor |
| 2nd sg. | caelāris caelāre | caelābāris caelābāre | caelāberis caelābere |
| 3rd sg. | caelātur | caelābātur | caelābitur |
| 1st pl. | caelāmur | caelābāmur | caelābimur |
| 2nd pl. | caelāminī | caelābāminī | caelābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | caelantur | caelābantur | caelābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | caeler | caelārer |
| 2nd sg. | caelēris caelēre | caelārēris caelārēre |
| 3rd sg. | caelētur | caelārētur |
| 1st pl. | caelēmur | caelārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | caelēminī | caelārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | caelentur | caelārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | caelā | caelāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | caelāte | caelāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | caelātō | caelātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | caelātō | caelātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | caelātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | caelantō | caelantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | caelāre | caelārī |
| perfect infinitive | caelāvisse caelāsse | caelātum esse |
| future infinitive | caelātūrum esse | caelātum īrī |
| present participle | caelāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | caelātus caelāta, caelātā, caelātae, caelātam, caelātārum, caelātās, caelātī, caelātōrum, caelātōs |
| future participle | caelātūrus caelātūra, caelātūrā, caelātūrae, caelātūram, caelātūrārum, caelātūrās, caelātūre, caelātūrī, caelātūrīs, caelātūrō, caelātūrōrum, caelātūrōs, caelātūrum | caelandus caelanda, caelandā, caelandae, caelandam, caelandārum, caelandās, caelande, caelandīs, caelandōrum, caelandōs |
gerundcaelandī, caelandō, caelandumsupinecaelātum, caelātū
caelo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. 1. caelum.
I. Lit., answering to the Gr. τορεύω, to engrave in relief upon metals (esp. silver) or wory, to make raised work, to carve, engrave; later also, to cast (cf. O. Müll. Archaeol. § 311 sq.; and v. Quint. 2, 21, 8, s. v. caelatura; Fest. s. v. ancaesa, p. 17; Isid. Orig. 13, 4, 1; 19, 7, 4; 20, 4, 7)' ab initio sic opus ducere, ut caelandum, non ex integro fabricandum sit, Quint. 10, 3, 18:
hanc speciem Praxiteles caelavit argento, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79: galeas aere Corinthio, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 97: caelata in auro Fortia facta patrum, Verg. A. 1, 640: clipeo quoque flumina septem Argento partim, partim caelaverat auro, Ov. M. 5, 189; cf. id. ib. 2, 6; 13, 684: scuta auro, argento, Liv 9, 40, 2; 7, 10, 7: vasa magnifica et pretiose caelata, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 116: vasa caelata, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 45; Liv. 34, 52, 5; 23, 24, 12; centauros in scyphis, Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156: libidines in poculis, id. prooem. § 4 al.; Liv 23, 24, 12: caelatum aurum et argentum, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61; id. Or. 70, 232; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; 2, 4, 23, § 52; id. Rosc. Am. 46, 133: caelata metus alios arma, Val. Fl. 1, 402: Phorcys caelatus Gorgone parmam, Sil. 10, 175.—B. To carve or engrave on other materials (cf. caelatura, I. B.);
upon wood: pocula ponam Fagina, caelatum divini opus Alcimedontis, Verg. E. 3, 36; in marble: caelavit Scopas pteron ab oriente, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 31; cf.: (vitrum) argenti modo caelatur, id. 36, 26, 66, § 193; Vitr. 7, 3, 4.—II. Meton. of other works of art.
A. Of skilful weaving or embroidering:
velamina caelata multā arte, Val. Fl. 5, 6.—B. Of poetry: carmina compono, hio elegos. Mirabile visu Caelatumque novem musis (i. e. a novem musis) opus, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 92.—
III. Trop.:
quem modo caelatum stellis Delphina videbas, i. e. the constellation, Ov. F. 2, 79.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
caelō āvī, ātus
caelum, a chisel; see 2 SAC-, SEC-, to engrave in relief, make raised work, carve, engrave (usu. in silver or copper): speciem argento: galeas ae<*>e: caelata in auro facta, V.: flumina Argento, O.: scuta auro, L.: calvam auro, emboss, L.: si quicquam caelati aspexerat, engraved work. —Rarely of wood-carving: pocula Fagina, caelatum opus, V. — Fig., to adorn, finish: Caelatum novem musis opus, by the muses, H.: caelatus stellis Delphin, decked, O.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂id-, *kh₂eyd- (“to cut, hew”). Related to caedō.
In English words that came into English from caelō
- salletcaelāta
- celaturecaelatura