noun · neutersecond declension
bracchium
bracchium n (genitive bracchiī or bracchī)
Classical[ˈbrak.kʰi.ũː]Ecclesiastical[ˈbrak.ki.um]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- neuterforearm
- neuterarm (shoulder to fingers)
- neuterlimb of an animal (e.g. claw, tentacle)
- neuterbranch (of a tree)
- neuterarm or branch of the sea
- neuterearthwork
- neuterarm of a catapult
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
membrum quō rēs capimus et portāmus; inter umerum et manum est.bracchium -ī n — in Mille Verba, Corpus Hūmānum
membrum inter umerum et manumbracchium -ī (n) — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 7
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Ulna · Lacertus · Brachium · Cubitus
Ulna (ὠλένη) is the whole arm, from the shoulder to the hand, which serves as a measure, an ell; lacertus (ἀλκή) the upper arm; brachium (βράγχιον, βραχίων), the under-arm; cubitus, the bending between the two, the elbow. (vi. 383.)
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | bracchium | bracchia brāchia |
| genitive | bracchiī bracchī, brāchī, brāchiī | bracchiōrum brāchiōrum |
| dative | bracchiō brāchiō | bracchiīs brāchiīs |
| accusative | bracchium | bracchia brāchia |
| ablative | bracchiō brāchiō | bracchiīs brāchiīs |
| vocative | bracchium | bracchia brāchia |
bracchĭum (less correctly brāchĭ-um;
I. gen. bracchi, Lucr. 6, 434), ii, n. perh. kindr. with Gr. βραχίων; but cf. Sanscr. bāhu; like frango, Sanscr. bhang, Bopp, Gloss. p. 239 a, the arm; particularly,
I. Lit., the forearm, from the hand to the elbow (while lacertus is the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder), Lucr. 4, 830; 6, 397:
bracchia et lacerti, Ov. M. 1, 501; 1, 550 sq.: subjecta lacertis bracchia, id. ib. 14, 305; Curt. 8, 9, 21; 9, 1, 29: (feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos, Tac. G. 17 (opp. umerus); Cels. 8, 1, § 79 sqq.; 8, 10, § 55 sqq.—Far oftener, II. Transf.
A. In gen., the arm, the whole arm, from the shoulder to the fingers, Pac. ap. Non. p. 87, 26, and Varr. L. L. 5, 7, p. 4 Müll.; id. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4:
quod eum bracchium fregisse diceret, Cic. de Or. 2, 62, 253; cf. Cels. 1, 10, 3: multi ut diu jactato bracchio praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare, Caes. B. G. 1, 25: bracchium (sc. dextrum) cohibere togā, Cic. Cael. 5, 11 (cf. Sen. Contr. 5, 6: bracchium extra togam exserere): eodem ictu bracchia ferro exsolvunt (i.e. venas incidunt, as, soon after, crurum et poplitum venas abrumpit), Tac. A. 15, 63; 1, 41.—Of embraces: collo dare bracchia circum, to throw the arms round the neck, Verg. A. 6, 700; cf.: circumdare collo, Ov. M. 9, 459: implicare collo, id. ib. 1, 762: inicere collo, id. ib. 3, 389: cervici dare, Hor. C. 3, 9, 2: lentis adhaerens bracchiis, id. Epod. 15, 6: Hephaestionis bracchium hastā ictum est, Curt. 4, 16, 31: ut in jaculando bracchia reducimus, Quint. 10, 3, 6: sinisteriore bracchio, Suet. Dom. 17: bracchia ad superas extulit auras, Verg. A. 5, 427: alternaque jactat Bracchia protendens (Dares), id. ib. 5, 377: juventus horrida bracchiis, Hor. C. 3, 4, 50.—Of a rower: si bracchia forte remisit, Verg. G. 1, 202: matri bracchia tendere, Ov. M. 3, 723: patrio tendens bracchia caelo, id. ib. 9, 210: tendens ad caelum bracchia, id. ib. 9, 293: precando Bracchia sustulerat, id. ib. 6, 262.—Prov.: dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem, to swim against the current, Juv. 4, 89.—2. Of the movement of the arms in speaking:
bracchii projectione in contentionibus, contractione in remissis, Cic. Or. 18, 59; so Quint. 11, 3, 84: extento bracchio paululum de gestu addidit, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 242: demissa bracchia, Quint. 2, 13, 9: a latere modice remota, id. 11, 3, 159: ut bracchio exserto introspiciatur latus, id. 11, 3, 118: aliqui transversum bracchium proferunt et cubito pronunciant, id. 11, 3, 93: bracchium in latus jactant, id. 4, 2, 39: si contendemus per continuationem, bracchio celeri, mobili vultu utemur, Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—3. Of the motion of the arms in dancing:
bracchia in numerum jactare, Lucr. 4, 769; imitated by Ov.: numerosa bracchia jactat (ducit, Jahn), Ov. Am. 2,4,29, and id. R. Am. 754; Lucr. 4, 790; imitated in Ov. A. A. 1, 595; Prop. 2 (3), 22, 6; imitated in Stat. S. 3, 5, 66; cf. of the labors of the Cyclopes: illi inter sese magnā vi bracchia tollunt In numerum, Verg. G. 4, 174.—4. Trop.: levi or molli bracchio agere aliquid, to do any thing superficially, negligently, remissly (prob. peculiar to the lang. of conversation), Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6; so,
molli bracchio aliquem objurgare, id. ib. 2, 1, 6.—Prov.: praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo, lend a hand, Ov. H. 7, 126.—B. The limbs of animals analogous to the arms of men; of the claws of crawfish, etc., Ov. M. 4, 625; 10, 127; 15, 369; Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 97: hence also of the sign Cancer, Ov. M. 2, 83; also of Scorpio, Verg. G. 1, 34; Ov. M. 2, 82; 2, 195.—Of the claws of the nautilus, Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88, and other sea-fish, id. 11, 48, 108, § 258.—Of the lion:
in feminum et bracchiorum ossibus, Plin. 11, 37, 86, § 214.—2. Comicé for armus or femur (as inversely armus = bracchium): Ar. Edepol vel elephanto in Indiā Quo pacto pugno perfregisti bracchium. Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, the shoulder, the shoulder-blade of the elephant, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 26 sq. Brix ad loc.—
C. Objects resembling arms.
1. The branches of trees (cf. Ov. M. 1, 550: in ramos bracchia crescunt;
v. also manus and coma): vitem sub bracchia ungito, Cato, R. R. 95 fin.; of the vine, Verg. G. 2, 368; Col. 4, 24, 2; 7, 8 sq.; 5, 5, 9 sq.; Pall. Febr. 9, 6; id. Mai, 2, 1: quatiens bracchia Quercus, Cat. 64, 105: differt quod in bracchia ramorum spargitur, Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62: (aesculus) Tum fortes late ramos et bracchia tendens, etc., Verg. G. 2, 296; Ov. M. 14, 630; Val. Fl. 8, 114.—2. An arm of the sea:
nec bracchia longo Margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite, Ov. M. 1, 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16.—3. The collateral branches or ridges of a mountain:
Taurus ubi bracchia emittit, Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98.—4. Poet., = antenna, the sail-yards:
jubet intendi bracchia velis, Verg. A. 5, 829; cf. Stat. S. 5, 1, 244.—5. In milit. lang., a (natural or artificial) outwork or line for connecting two points in fortifications, etc.; Gr. σκέλη:
aliā parte consul muro Ardeae bracchium injunxerat, a line of communication, Liv. 4, 9, 14; 38, 5, 8; 22, 52, 1 Drak.; 44, 35, 13; Hirt. B. Alex. 30; id. B. Afr. 38; 49; 51; 56; id. B. Hisp. 5; 6; 13; Curt. 6, 4, 16; Luc. 3, 387; 4, 266.—So of the side-works, moles, dikes, in the fortification of a harbor, Liv. 31, 26, 8; cf. Just. 5, 8, 5 Gron.; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 15; Suet. Claud. 20.—Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
bracchium (brāch-) ī, n
, βραχίων, the forearm, lower arm: bracchia et lacerti, O.: (feminae) nudae bracchia et lacertos, Ta.—In gen., the arm: bracchium fregisse: diu iactato bracchio scutum emittere, Cs.: collo dare bracchia circum, V.: bracchia Cervici dabat, H.: Bracchia ad superas extulit auras, V.: iuventus horrida bracchiis, H.: matri bracchia tendere, O.: tendens ad caelum bracchia, O.: diversa bracchia ducens, i. e. separating widely, V.—Prov.: dirigere bracchia contra Torrentem, to swim against the current, Iu.— Of gesture: extento bracchio.—Of the Cyclopes at work: bracchia tollunt In numerum, keeping time, V.—Fig.: aliquid levi bracchio agere, to do negligently: me molli bracchio obiurgas, gently: Praebuerim sceleri bracchia nostra tuo, lend a hand, O.—Meton., of animals, the claws of crawfish, O.—The claws of the constellations Scorpio and Cancer, V., O.—Of trees, the branches: in ramos bracchia crescunt, O.—Of the vine, V.—An arm of the sea: nec bracchia porrexerat Amphitrite, O.—A ship's yard: iubet intendi bracchia velis, V.—A leg (of a pair of dividers): duo ferrea bracchia, O.—In fortifications, an outwork: bracchio obiecto, L.: muro bracchium iniunxerat, a line of communication, L.: bracchiis duobis Piraeum Athenis iungere, walls, L.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*mreǵʰ-
- Proto-Indo-European*mréǵʰus
- Proto-Hellenic*brəkʰús
- Ancient Greek βρᾰχῠ́ς(brăkhŭ́s)
- Latinbracchium
Proto-Indo-European *-yōsder. Proto-Indo-European *-isō Proto-Hellenic *-ihō Ancient Greek -ῑ́ων (-ī́ōn) Ancient Greek βρᾰχῑ́ων (brăkhī́ōn)bor. Latin bracchium Borrowed from Ancient Greek βρᾰχῑ́ων (brăkhī́ōn).
Insular Romance
- Sardinianbaltzu
- Sardinianbartzu
- Sardinianbraciu
- Sardinianbratzu
- Sardinianbrassu
Gallo-Romance
- Frenchbrasfrom Old French bras
- Catalanbraç
- Franco-Provençalbrès
- Bourguignonbraifrom Old French bras
- Champenoisbraisfrom Old French bras
- Franc-Comtoisbraisfrom Old French bras
- Normanbrasfrom Old French bras
- Poitevin-Saintongeaisbrafrom Old French bras
- Walloonbressefrom Old French bras
- Old Occitanbraç
Ibero-Romance
- Portuguesebraçofrom Old Galician-Portuguese braço
- Spanishbrazofrom Old Spanish braço
- Aragonesebrazo
- Galicianbrazofrom Old Galician-Portuguese braço
- Asturianbrazu
- Extremaduranbraçu
- Leonesebrazu
- Mirandesebraço
- Ladinobrasofrom Old Spanish braço
- Ladinoבראסוfrom Old Spanish braço
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianbraț
- Aromanianbrats
- Aromanianbratsu
- Istro-Romanianbråț
- Megleno-Romanianbraț
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianbraccio
- Corsicanbracciu
- Dalmatianbraz
- Istriotbraso
- Neapolitanvraccio
- Sicilianvrazzu
- Venetanbrazso
- Venetanbraso
Elsewhere
- Englishbrachium
- Esperantobrako
- Idobrakio
- Irishbrac
- Proto-Brythonic*brėx
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianbraç
- Friulianbrač
- Ladinbrac
- Romanshbratsch
Gallo-Italic
- Emilianbrâz
- Ligurianbràsso