adjectivefirst/second-declension adjective
āridus
āridus (feminine ārida, neuter āridum, superlative āridissimus)
Classical[ˈaː.rɪ.dʊs]Ecclesiastical[ˈaː.ri.dus]
Meaning
- adjectivedry, parched, withered, arid
Montes aridi sterilesque.
Parched and barren mountains.Arida ligna.
Dry wood. - adjectivedry, lean, meagre, shrivelled; withered (e.g. from disease)
[…] cum illī aut ex āridō aut paulum in aquam prōgressī, omnibus membrīs expedītīs, nōtissimīs locīs […].
[…] meanwhile, [the Britons], either [fighting] from the dry [land] or having waded only slightly into the surf, had all their limbs free and knew the ground perfectly […] .c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 4.24Uvis aridior puella passis.http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/priap/prp32.htm
A damsel drier than the raisin'd grape. - adjectiveuninspired, jejune, spiritless
Aridi magistri.
Uninspired teachers.Sicci omnino atque aridi pueri.
Sapless lads, altogether, and dry. - adjectiveslangavaricious, someone greedy or stingy (confer the tongue-in-cheek term Argentiexterebronides (“the name of one who is skilled in extorting money; a sponger”))
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
sine aquā, siccusāridus -a -um — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 12
siccus, sine sūcōāridus -a -um — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 10
siccus, sine ūmōreāridus -a -um — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 5, 17
dry land
āridum -ī (n) — in De Bello Gallico III
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Aridus · Torridus · Siccus
Aridus and torridus denote an internal want of moisture; but things that are arida (from areo) have lost their moisture from a heat acting within, like αὖος, in opp. to humidus. Plin. Pan. 30, 4; on the other hand, torrida (from τέρσω), from a heat penetrating from without, in opp. to uvidus, like σκληρός;—siccus denotes dryness that is only external, confined to the surface, in opp. to madidus, like ξηρός. Plin. H. N. xii. 12. Ne sint fragilia et arida potius quam sicca folia. And xv. 29. Cato docuit vinum fieri ex nigra myrta siccata usque in ariditatem in umbra. Colum. vii. 4. (vi. 244.)
Declension
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | āridus | ārida ārda | āridum ārdum |
| genitive | āridī ārdī | āridae ārdae | āridī ārdī |
| dative | āridō ārdō | āridae ārdae | āridō ārdō |
| accusative | āridum ārdum | āridam ārdam | āridum ārdum |
| ablative | āridō ārdō | āridā ārdā | āridō ārdō |
| vocative | āride ārde | ārida ārda | āridum ārdum |
| form | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | āridī ārdī | āridae ārdae | ārida ārda |
| genitive | āridōrum ārdōrum | āridārum ārdārum | āridōrum ārdōrum |
| dative | āridīs ārdīs | āridīs ārdīs | āridīs ārdīs |
| accusative | āridōs ārdōs | āridās ārdās | ārida ārda |
| ablative | āridīs ārdīs | āridīs ārdīs | āridīs ārdīs |
| vocative | āridī ārdī | āridae ārdae | ārida ārda |
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- navem subducere (in aridum)
- to haul up a boat.
- oratio exilis, ieiuna, arida, exsanguis
- the dry, lifeless style.
ārĭdus (contr. ardus, like arfacio from arefacio, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 18; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 74, 20; Inscr. Grut. 207), a, um, adj. areo,
I. dry, withered, arid, parched.
I. Lit.:
ligna, Lucr. 2, 881: lignum, Hor. C. 3, 17, 13; so Vulg. Eccli. 6, 3; ib. Isa. 56, 3: cibus, Lucr. 1, 809; so id. 1, 864: ficis victitamus aridis, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 59: folia, Cic. Pis. 40, 97, and Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 46: ficus, Vulg. Marc. 11, 20: Libye, Ov. M. 2, 238: quale portentum Jubae tellus leonum Arida nutrix, Hor. C. 1, 22, 16: terra arida et sicca, Plin. 2, 65, 66, § 166; so, terra arida, Vulg. Sap. 19, 7: arida terra, ib. Heb. 11, 29; so absol.: arida (eccl. Lat.), ib. Gen. 1, 9; ib. Psa. 65, 6; ib. Matt. 23, 15: montes aridi sterilesque. Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 67.—Also, subst.: ārĭdum, i, n., a dry place, dry land: ex arido tela conicere, Caes. B. G. 4, 25: naves in aridum subducere, id. ib. 4, 29.—Meton., of thirst: sitis, Lucr. 3, 917, and 6, 1175; so, os, Verg. G. 3, 458: ora, id. A. 5, 200: guttur, Ov. [ad Liv. 422].—Of a fever: febris, i. e. causing thirst, Verg. G. 3, 458 (cf. Lucr. 4, 875); so, morbus, Veg. Vet. Art. 1, 4.—Of color: arbor folio convoluto, arido colore, like that of dried leaves, Plin. 12, 26, 59, § 129.—And of a cracking, snapping sound, as when dry wood is broken: sonus, Lucr. 6, 119: aridus altis Montibus (incipit) audiri fragor, a dry crackling noise begins to be heard in the high mountain forest, Verg. G. 1, 357.—II. Trop.
A. Of things which are dried, shrunk up, shrivelled, meagre, lean:
crura, Ov. A. A. 3, 272: nates, Hor. Epod. 8, 5: uvis aridior puella passis, Auct. Priap. 32, 1; so from disease, withered: manus, Vulg. Matt. 12, 10; ib. Marc. 3, 1; and absol. of persons: aridi, ib. Joan. 5, 3.— Hence, of food or manner of living, meagre, scanty: in victu arido in hac horridā incultāque vitā, poor, scanty diet, Cic. Rosc. Am. 27, 75: vita horrida atque arida, id. Quinct. 30.—Transf. to men, indigent, poor: cliens, Mart. 10, 87, 5.—B. Of style, dry, jejune, unadorned, spiritless:
genus sermonis exile, aridum, concisum ac minutum, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159; so Auct. ad Her. 4, 11: narratio, Quint. 2, 4, 3: aridissimi libri, Tac. Or. 19.—Meton., of the orator himself: orator, Quint. 12, 10, 13: rhetores, Sen. Contr. 34: magister, Quint. 2, 4, 8.— Of scholars: sicci omnino atque aridi pueri, sapless and dry, Suet. Gram. 4; cf. Quint. 2, 8, 9.—C. In comic lang., avaricious, of a man from whom, as it were, nothing can be expressed (cf. Argentiexterebronides):
pumex non aeque est aridus atque hic est senex, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 18: pater avidus, miser atque aridus, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 15.— * D. In Plaut. as a mere natural epithet of metal: arido argentost opus, dry coin, Rud. 3, 4, 21.—Adv. not used.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
āridus adj. with sup.
3 AR-, dry, arid, parched: materies, Cs.: folia: tellus leonum nutrix, H.: nubila, rainless, V. — As subst n., a dry place, dry land: naves in aridum subducere, Cs.: (arbores) humi arido gignuntur, S. — Of feeling, making dry, burning: sitis, O.: febris, V. — Of sound: fragor, a dry, crackling noise, V.— Withered, shrivelled: crura, O.: nates, H. — Meagre, scanty, poor: victus: vita. — Fig., of style, dry, jejune, poor, unadorned: genus sermonis: libri aridissimi, Ta.—Of a man, dry, stingy: pater, T.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂eHs-
- Proto-Indo-European*h₂eHs-eh₁yeti
- Proto-Italic*āzēō
- Latināridus
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin āridus From āreō (“to be dry; to be parched”) + -idus.
Descendants
- Catalanàrreu
- Catalanàrid
- Englisharid
- Frencharide
- Italianarido
- Portugueseárido
- Spanishárido
- Galicianárido
In English words that came into English from āridus
- aridāridus
- ardentardentem
- ardorardor
- aridityāriditās