§555. Dum, Dōnec, and Quoad

Dum, dōnec, and quoad, as long as, take the Indicative:—

• dum anima est, spēs esse dīcitur (Att. 9.10.3), as long as there is life, there is said to be hope.
• dum praesidia ūlla fuērunt, in Sullae praesidiīs fuit (Rosc. Am. 126), so long as there were any garrisons, he was in the garrisons of Sulla.
• dum longius ā mūnītiōne aberant Gallī, plūs multitūdine tēlōrum prōficiēbant (B. G. 7.82), so long as the Gauls were at a distance from the fortifications, they had the advantage because of their missiles.
• dōnec grātus eram tibī, Persārum viguī rēge beātior (Hor. Od. 3.9.1), as long as I enjoyed thy favor, I flourished happier than the king of the Persians.
• quoad potuit fortissimē restitit (B. G. 4.12), he resisted bravely as long as he could.