§306. Relative Pronouns

A Relative generally agrees in gender and number with an appositive or predicate noun in its own clause, rather than with an antecedent of different gender or number (cf. § 296. a):—

• mare etiam quem Neptūnum esse dīcēbās (N. D. 3.52), the sea, too, which you said was Neptune. [Not quod.]
• Thēbae ipsae, quod Boeōtiae caput est (Liv. 42.44), even Thebes, which is the chief city of Bœotia. [Not quae.]

a. A relative occasionally agrees with its antecedent in case (by attraction):—

• sī aliquid agā eōrum quōrum cōnsuēstī; (Fam. 5.14), if you should do something of what you are used to do. [For eōrum quae.]

b. A relative may agree in gender and number with an implied antecedent:—

• quārtum genus ... quī in vetere aere aliēnō vacillant (Cat. 2.21), a fourth class, who are staggering under old debts.
• ūnus ex eō numerō quī parātī erant (Iug. 35), one of the number [of those] who were ready.
• coniūrāvēre paucī, dē quā [i.e. coniūrātiōne] dīcam (Sall. Cat. 18), a few have conspired, of which [conspiracy] I will speak.