§249. Nominal Adjectives

Adjectives with the sense of belonging to are formed by means of the suffixes—

• -ānus, -ēnus, -īnus; -ās, -ēnsis; -cus, -acus (-ācus), -icus; -eus, -êius, -icius

• So from common nouns:—

  mont-ānus, of the mountains;	mōns (stem monti-), mountain.
  veter-ānus, veteran;	vetus (stem veter-), old.
  antelūc-ānus, before daylight;	ante lūcem, before light.
  terr-ēnus, earthly;	terra, earth.
  ser-ēnus, calm (of evening stillness);	sērus, late.
  coll-īnus, of a hill;	collis, hill.
  dīv-īnus, aivine;	dīvus, god.
  lībert-īnus, of the class of freedmen;	lībertus, one's freedman.
  cûi-ās, of what country?	quis, who?
  īnfim-ās, of the lowest rank;	īnfimus, lowest.
  for-ēnsis, of a market-place, or the Forum;	forum, a market-place.
  cīvi-cus, civic, of a citizen;	cīvis, a citizen.
  fullōn-icus, of a fuller;	fullō, a fuller.
  mer-ācus, pure;	merum, pure wine.
  fēmin-eus, of a woman, feminine;	fēmina, a woman.
  lact-eus, milky;	lac, milk (stem lacti-).
  plēb-ēius, of the commons, plebeian;	plēbēs, the commons.
  patr-icius, patrician;	pater, father.

• But especially from proper nouns to denote belonging to or coming from:

  Rōm-ānus, Roman;	Rōma, Rome.
  Sull-ānī, Sulla's veterans;	Sulla.
  Cyzic-ēnī, Cyzicenes, people of Cyzicus;	Cyzicus.
  Ligur-īnus, of Liguria;	Liguria.
  Arpīn-ās, of Arpinum;	Arpīnum.
  Sicili-ēnsis, Sicilian;	Sicilia, Sicily.
  īli-acus, Trojan (a Greek form);	īlium, Troy.
  Platōn-icus, Platonic;	Platō.
  Aquil-êius, a Roman name;Aquil-êia, a town in Italy;	Aquila.

  a.

  Many derivative adjectives with these endings have by usage become nouns:—

  Silv-ānus, M., a god of the woods;	silva, a wood.
  membr-āna, F., skin;	membrum, limb.
  Aemili-ānus, M., name of Scipio Africanus;	Aemilia ( gēns).
  lani-ēna, F., a butcher's stall;	lanius, butcher.
  Aufidi-ēnus, M., a Roman name;	†Aufidius ( Aufidus).
  inquil-īnus, M., a lodger;	incola, an inhabitant.
  Caec-īna, used as M., a Roman name;	caecus, blind.
  ru-īna, F., a fall;	ruō, fall (no noun existing).
  doctr-īna, F., learning;	doctor, teacher.