§220. Prepositions
Prepositions are regularly used either with the Accusative or with the Ablative.
a. The following prepositions are used with the Accusative:—
| ad, to. | circiter, about. | intrā, inside. |
| adversus, against. | cis, citrā, this side. | iūxtā, near. |
| adversum, towards. | contrā, against. | ob, on account of. |
| ante, before. | ergā, towards. | penes, in the power of. |
| apud, at, near. | extrā, outside. | per, through. |
| circā, around. | īnfrā, below. | pōne, behind. |
| circum, around. | inter, among. | post, after. |
| praeter, beyond. | secundum, next to. | ultrā, on the further side. |
| prope, near. | suprā, above. | versus, towards. |
| propter, on account of. | trāns, across. |
b. The following prepositions are used with the Ablative:—1
| ā, ăb, abs, away from, by. | ē, ex, out of. |
| absque, without, but for. | prae, in comparison with. |
| cōram, in presence of. | prō, in front of, for. |
| cum, with. | sine, without. |
| dē, from. | tenus, up to, as far as. |
c. The following may be used with either the Accusative or the Ablative, but with a difference in meaning:—
| in, into, in. | sub, under. |
| subter, beneath. | super, above. |
In and sub, when followed by the accusative, indicate motion to, when by the ablative, rest in, a place:
- vēnit in aedīs, he came into the house; erat in aedibus, he was in the house.
- disciplīna in Britanniā reperta atque inde in Galliam trānslāta esse exīstimātur, the system is thought to have been discovered in Great Britain and thence brought over to Gaul.
- sub īlice cōnsederat, he had seated himself under an ilex.
- sub lēgēs mittere orbem, to subject the world to laws (to send the world under laws).
J. H. Allen and J. B. Greenough, New Latin Grammar (Boston: Ginn, 1903). Text provided under a CC BY-SA license by Perseus Digital Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.