LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
Allen & Greenough · Part First — Words and Forms › Particles

§217. Classification of Adverbs

The classes of Adverbs, with examples, are as follows:—

a. Adverbs of Place

hīc, here.hūc, hither.hinc, hence.hāc, by this way.
ibi, there.eō, thither.inde, thence.eā, by that way.
istīc, there.istūc, thither.istinc, thence.istā, by that way.
illīc, there.illūc, thither.illinc, thence.illā ( illāc), by that way.
ubi, where.quō, whither.unde, whence.quā, by what way.
alicubi, somewhere.aliquō, somewhither,alicunde, from some-aliquā, by some way.
(to) somewhere.where.
ibīdem, in the sameeōdem, to the sameindidem, from theeādem, by the same
place.place.same place.way.
alibī, elsewhere, inaliō, elsewhere, toaliunde, from an-aliā, in another
another place.another place.other place.way.
abiubi, wherever.quōquō, whitherso-undecunque, whence-quāquā, in whatever
ever.soever.way.
ubivīs, anywhere,quōvīs, anywhere,undique, from everyquāvīs, by whatever
where you will.whither you will.quarter.way.
sĭcubi, if anywhere.sīquō, if anywheresīcunde, if from any-sīquā, if anywhere.
(anywhither).where.
<*>ēcubi, lest any-nēquō, lest any-nēcunde, lest fromnēquā, lest any-
where.whither.anywhere.where.

ūsque, all the way to; usquam, anywhere; nusquam, nowhere; citrō, to this side; intrō, inwardly; ultrō, beyond (or freely, i.e. beyond what is required); porrō, further on.

quōrsum (for quō vorsum, whither turned?), to what end? hōrsum, this way; prōrsum, forward (prōrsus, utterly); intrōrsum, inwardly; retrōrsum, backward; sūrsum, upward; deorsum, downward; seorsum, apart; aliōrsum, another way.

b. Adverbs of Time

quandō, when? (interrogative); cum ( quom), when (relative); ut, when, as; nunc, now; tunc ( tum), then; mox, presently; iam, already; dum, while; iam diū, iam dūdum, iam prīdem, long ago, long since.

prīmum ( prīmō), first; deinde ( posteā), next after; postrēmum ( postrēmō), finally; posteāquam, postquam, when (after that, as soon as).

umquam ( unquam), ever; numquam ( nunquam), never; semper, always.

aliquandō, at some time, at length; quandōque ( quandōcumque), whenever; dēnique, at last.

quotiēns ( quotiēs), how often; totiēns, so often; aliquotiēns, a number of times.

cotīdiē, every day; hodiē, to-day; herī, yesterday; crās, to-morrow; prīdiē, the day before; postrīdiē, the day after; in diēs, from day to day.

nōndum, not yet; necdum, nor yet; vixdum, scarce yet; quam prīmum, as soon as possible; saepe, often; crēbrō, frequently; iam nōn, no longer.

c. Adverbs of Manner, Degree, or Cause

quam, how, as; tam, so; quamvīs, however much, although; paene, almost; magis, more; valdē, greatly; vix, hardly.

cūr, quārē, why; ideō, idcircō, proptereā, on this account, because; eō, therefore; ergō, itaque, igitur, therefore.

ita, sīc, so; ut ( utī), as, how; utut, utcumque, however.

d. Interrogative Particles

an, -ne, anne, utrum, utrumne, num, whether.

nōnne, annōn, whether not; numquid, ecquid, whether at all.

On the use of the Interrogative Particles, see §§ 332, 335.

e. Negative Particles

nōn, not (in simple denial); haud, minimē, not (in contradiction); nē, not (in prohibition); nēve, neu, nor; nēdum, much less.

nē, lest; neque, nec, nor; nē ... quidem, not even.

nōn modo ... vērum ( sed) etiam, not only ... but also.

nōn modo ... sed nē ... quidem, not only NOT ... but not even.

sī minus, if not; quō minus ( quōminus), so as not.

quīn (relative), but that; (interrogative), why not?

nē, nec (in composition), not; so in nesciō, I know not; negō, I say no (âiō, I say yes); negōtium, business († nec-ōtium); nēmō (nē- and hemō, old form of homō), no one; nē quis, lest any one; neque enim, for ... not.

For the use of Negative Particles, see § 325 ff.

For the Syntax and Peculiar uses of Adverbs, see § 320 ff.

J. H. Allen and J. B. Greenough, New Latin Grammar (Boston: Ginn, 1903). Text provided under a CC BY-SA license by Perseus Digital Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.