§210. Second Conjugation
There are nearly 120 simple verbs of the Second Conjugation, most of them denominative verbs of condition, having a corresponding noun and adjective from the same root, and an inceptive in -scō (§ 263. 1):—
- caleō, be warm; calor, warmth; calidus, warm; calēscō, grow warm.
- timeō, fear; timor, fear; timidus, timid; per-timēsco, to take fright.
a. Most verbs of the second conjugation are inflected like moneō, but many lack the supine (as, arceō, ward off; careō, lack; egeō, need; timeō, fear), and a number have neither perfect nor supine (as, maereō, be sad).
b. The following keep ē in all the systems:—
| dēleō, destroy | dēlēre | dēlēvī | dēlētum |
| fleō, weep | flēre | flēvī | flētum |
| neō, sew | nēre | nēvī | [ nētum] |
| vieō, plait | viēre | [viēvī] | viētum |
| com-pleō, fill up 1 | -plēre | -plēvī | -plētum |
c. The following show special irregularities:—
| algeō, alsī, be cold. | mulceō, mulsī, muls-, soothe. |
| ārdeō, ārsī, ārsūrus, burn. | mulgeō, mulsī, muls-, milk. |
| audeō, ausus sum, dare. | ( cō) nīveō, -nīvī (-nīxī), ----, wink. |
| augeō, auxī, auct-, increase. | ( ab)oleō, -olēvī, -olit-, destroy. |
| caveō, cāvī, caut-, care. | pendeō, pependī, -pēns-, hang. |
| cēnseō, cēnsuī, cēns-, value. | prandeō, prandī, prāns-, dine. |
| cieō, cīvī, cit-, excite. | rīdeō, rīsī, -rīs-, laugh. |
| doceō, docuī, doct-, teach. | sedeō, sēdī, sess-, sit. |
| faveō, fāvī, faut-, favor. | soleō, solitus sum, be wont. |
| ferveō, fervī ( ferbuī), ----, glow. | sorbeō, sorbuī ( sorpsī), ----, suck. |
| foveō, fōvī, fōt-, cherish. | spondeō, spopondī, spōns-, pledge. |
| fulgeō, fulsī, ----, shine. | strīdeō, strīdī, ----, whiz. |
| gaudeō, gāvīsus sum, rejoice. | suādeō, suāsī, suās-, urge. |
| haereō, haesī, haes-, cling. | teneō (-tineō), tenuī, -tent-, hold. |
| indulgeō, indulsī, indult-, indulge. | tergeō, tersī, ters-, wipe. |
| iubeō, iussī, iuss-, order. | tondeō, -totondī (-tondī), tōns-, shear. |
| liqueō, licuī ( līquī), ----, melt. | torqueō, torsī, tort-, twist. |
| lūceō, lūxī, ----, shine. | torreō, torruī, tost-, roast. |
| lūgeō, lūxī, ----, mourn. | turgeō, tursī, ----, swell. |
| maneō, mānsī, māns-, wait. | urgeō, ursī, ----, urge. |
| misceō, -cuī, mixt- (mist-), mix. | videō, vīdī, vīs-, see. |
| mordeō, momordī, mors-, bite. | voveō, vōvī, vōt-, vow. |
| moveō, mōvī, mōt-, move. |
J. H. Allen and J. B. Greenough, New Latin Grammar (Boston: Ginn, 1903). Text provided under a CC BY-SA license by Perseus Digital Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.