Allen & Greenough · Part First — Words and Forms › Forms of Conjugation

§201. Irregular Verbs

Edō, edere, ēdī, ēsum, eat, is regular of the third conjugation, but has also an archaic present subjunctive and some alternative forms directly from the root (ED), without the thematic vowel. These are in full-faced type.

ACTIVE
INDICATIVE
PRESENT	edō, edis ( ēs ¹), edit ( ēst) ¹ In ēs etc. the e is long. In the corresponding forms of sum, e is short. The difference in quantity between ĕdō and ēs etc. depends upon inherited vowel variation (§ 17. a).
	edimus, editis ( ēstis), edunt
IMPERFECT	edēbam, edēbās, etc.

SUBJUNCTIVE
PRESENT	edam ( edim), edās ( edīs), edat ( edit)
	edāmus ( edīmus), edātis ( edītis), edant ( edint)
IMPERFECT	ederem, ederēs ( ēssēs), ederet ( ēsset)
	ederēmus ( ēssēmus), ederētis ( ēssētis), ederent ( ēssent)

IMPERATIVE
	Singular	Plural
PRESENT	ede ( ēs)	edite ( ēste)
FUTURE	editō ( ēstō)	editōte ( ēstōte)
	editō ( ēstō)	eduntō

INFINITIVE		PARTICIPLES
PRESENT	edere ( ēsse)	PRESENT	edēns, -entis
PERFECT	ēdisse	FUTURE	ēsūrus2
FUTURE	ēsūrus esse ² ² Old forms are ēssūrus and supine ēssum.

GERUND

edendī, -dō, -dum, -dō

SUPINE

ēsum, ēsū ³

a. In the Passive the following irregular forms occur in the third person singular: Present Indicative ēstur, Imperfect Subjunctive ēssētur.

J. H. Allen and J. B. Greenough, New Latin Grammar (Boston: Ginn, 1903). Text provided under a CC BY-SA license by Perseus Digital Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.