§190. Deponent Verbs
Deponent Verbs have the forms of the Passive Voice, with an active or reflexive signification:—
| PRINCIPAL PARTS | First conjugation: mīror, mīrārī, mīrātus, admire. |
| Second conjugation: vereor, verērī, veritus, fear. | |
| Third conjugation: sequor, sequī, secūtus, follow. | |
| Fourth conjugation: partior, partīrī, partītus, share. |
| INDICATIVE | |||||
| PRES. | mīror | vereor | sequor | partior | |
| mīrāris (-re) | verēris (-re) | sequeris (-re) | partīris (-re) | ||
| mīrātur | verētur | sequitur | partītur | ||
| mīrāmur | verēmur | sequimur | partīmur | ||
| mīrāminī | verēminī | sequiminī | partīminī | ||
| mīrantur | verentur | sequuntur | partiuntur | ||
| IMPF. | mīrābar | verēbar | sequēbar | partiēbar | |
| FUT. | mīrābor | verēbor | sequar | partiar | |
| PERF. | mīrātus sum | veritus sum | secūtus sum | partītus sum | |
| PLUP. | mīrātus eram | veritus eram | secūtus eram | partītus eram | |
| F. P. | mīrātus erō | veritus erō | secūtus erō | partītus erō | |
| SUBJUNCTIVE | |||||
| PRES. | mīrer | verear | sequar | partiar | |
| IMPF. | mīrārer | verērer | sequerer | partīrer | |
| PERF. | mīrātus sim | veritus sim | secūtus sim | partītus sim | |
| PLUP. | mīrātus essem | veritus essem | secūtus essem | partītus essem | |
| IMPERATIVE | |||||
| PRES. | mīrāre | verēre | sequere | partīre | |
| FUT. | mīrātor | verētor | sequitor | partītor | |
| INFINITIVE | |||||
| PRES. | mīrārī | verērī | sequī | partīrī | |
| PERF. | mīrātus esse | veritus esse | secūtus esse | partītus esse | |
| FUT. | mīrātūrus esse | veritūrus esse | secūtūrus esse | partītūrus esse | |
| PARTICIPLES | |||||
| PRES. | mīrāns | verēns | sequēns | partiēns | |
| FUT. | mīrātūrus | veritūrus | secūtūrus | partītūrus | |
| PERF. | mīrātus | veritus | secūtus | partītus | |
| GER. | mīrandus | verendus | sequendus | partiendus | |
| GERUND | |||||
| mīrandī, -ō, etc. | verendī, etc. | sequendī, etc. | partiendī, etc. | ||
| SUPINE | |||||
| mīrātum, -tū | veritum, -tū | secūtum, -tū | partītum, -tū |
a. Deponents have the participles of both voices:—
| sequēns, following. | secūtūrus, about to follow. |
| secūtus, having followed. | sequendus, to be followed. |
b. The perfect participle generally has an active sense, but in verbs otherwise deponent it is often passive: as, mercātus, bought; adeptus, gained (or having gained).
c. The future infinitive is always in the active form: thus, sequor has secūtūrus (-a, -um) esse (not secūtum īrī).
d. The gerundive, being passive in meaning, is found only in transitive verbs, or intransitive verbs used impersonally:—
- hōc cōnfitendum est, this must be acknowledged.
- moriendum est omnibus, all must die.
e. Most deponents are intransitive or reflexive in meaning, corresponding to what in Greek is called the Middle Voice (§ 156. a. N.).
f. Some deponents are occasionally used in a passive sense: as, crīminor, I accuse, or I am accused.
g. About twenty verbs have an active meaning in both active and passive forms: as, mereō or mereor, I deserve.
J. H. Allen and J. B. Greenough, New Latin Grammar (Boston: Ginn, 1903). Text provided under a CC BY-SA license by Perseus Digital Library, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu, with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities.