§151. Compounds of quis and quī

The pronouns quis and quī appear in various combinations.

a. The adverb -cumque (-cunque) (cf. quisque) added to the relative makes an indefinite relative, which is declined like the simple word: as, quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque, whoever, whatever; cûiuscumque, etc.

b. In quisquis, whoever, both parts are declined, but the only forms in common use are quisquis, quidquid ( quicquid) and quōquō.

c. The indefinite pronouns quīdam, a certain (one); quīvīs, quīlibet, any you please, are used both as substantives and as adjectives. The first part is declined like the relative quī, but the neuter has both quid- (substantive) and quod- (adjective):—

Quīdam changes m to n before d in the accusative singular ( quendam, M.; quandam, F.) and the genitive plural (quōrundam, M., N.; quārundam, F.).

d. The indefinite pronouns quispiam, some, any, and quisquam, any at all, are used both as substantives and as adjectives. Quispiam has feminine quaepiam (adjective), neuter quidpiam (substantive) and quodpiam (adjective); the plural is very rare. Quisquam is both masculine and feminine; the neuter is quidquam ( quicquam), substantive only; there is no plural. ūllus, -a, -um, is commonly used as the adjective corresponding to quisquam.

e. The indefinite pronoun aliquis (substantive), some one, aliquī (adjective), some, is declined like quis and quī, but aliqua is used instead of aliquae except in the nominative plural feminine:—

f. The indefinite pronoun ecquis (substantive), whether any one, ecquī (adjective), whether any, is declined like aliquis, but has either ecquae or ecqua in the nominative singular feminine of the adjective form.

g. The enclitic particle -que added to the interrogative gives a universal: as, quisque, every one; uterque, each of two, or both. Quisque is declined

like the interrogative quis, quī:—substantive, quisque, quidque; adjective, quīque, quaeque, quodque.

In the compound ūnusquisque, every single one, both parts are declined (genitive unīuscûiusque), and they are sometimes written separately and even separated by other words:—

• nē in ūnō quidem quōque (Lael. 92), not even in a single one.

h. The relative and interrogative have rarely a possessive adjective cûius (-a, -um), older quôius, whose; and a patrial cûiās (cûiāt-), of what country.

i. Quantus, how great, quālis, of what sort, are derivative adjectives from the interrogative. They are either interrogative or relative, corresponding respectively to the demonstratives tantus, tālis (§ 152). Indefinite compounds are quantuscumque and quāliscumque (see § 151. a).