verbfirst conjugation, impersonal in the passive
vāpulō
vāpulō (present infinitive vāpulāre, perfect active vāpulāvī, supine vāpulātum)
Classical[ˈwaː.pʊ.ɫoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈvaː.pu.lo]
Meaning
- impersonalintransitivemediopassiveto be flogged or beaten
Hinc enim mihi dextra vox auris, ut videtur, verberat. ―
c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitruo 1.1.179–180Numquam vidi iniquius certationem comparatam quam haec hodie inter nos fuit:
160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 2.211–213 - derogatoryimpersonalused as a curse
Nunc profecto vapula ob mendacium.
c. 190 BCE – 185 BCE, Plautus, Amphitruo 1.1.216Pergin precari pessimo? ― Quae res? Tun libero homini male servos loquere? ― Vapula. ― Id quidem tibi hercle fiet,
c. 209 BCE, Plautus, Asinaria 2.4.71–73 - figurativelyimpersonalto be attacked, lashed
[…]quom se omnium sermonibus sentiet vapulare et quom has actiones euanatreptous videbit, ruere incipiat.
68 BCE – 44 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 2.14.1 - impersonalto be beaten, conquered
Quod ad Caesarem, crebri et non belli de eo rumores, sed susurratores dumtaxat veniunt. Alius equitem perdidisse, quod, opinor, certe factum est, alius septimam legionem vapulasse, ipsum apud Bellovacos circumsederi interclusum ab reliquo exercitu;[…]
62 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares 8.1.4 - impersonalto be struck, beaten
De oliveto oleam, quam manu tangere possis e terra ac scalis, legere oportet potius quam quatere, quod ea quae vapulavit macescit nec dat tantum olei.
116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, Rerum rusticarum 1.55.1vela secundis inflata notis ventos nimium timuere suos, nubibus ipsis inserta caput turris pluvio vapulat Austro, densasque nemus spargens umbras annosa videt robora frangi;[…]
c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Agamemnon 90–95 - impersonalto be afflicted, in trouble
Nihil hoc Iovis ad iudicium attinet:
c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 1.1.12–13 - impersonalto be squandered
Vapulat peculium, actum est.
c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Stichus 5.5.10Nam apud nos quoque multa quae procul a mari fuerant subito eius accessu vapulauerunt et villas in prospectu collocatas fluctus qui longe audiebatur invasit;[…]
c. 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Naturales quaestiones 6.7.6
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
verberibus caedorvāpulō -āre — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 19
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vāpulō | vāpulābam | vāpulābō | vāpulāvī | vāpulāveram | vāpulāverō vāpulārō |
| 2nd sg. | vāpulās | vāpulābās | vāpulābis | vāpulāvistī vāpulāstī | vāpulāverās vāpulārās | vāpulāveris |
| 3rd sg. | vāpulat | vāpulābat | vāpulābit | vāpulāvit | vāpulāverat vāpulārat | vāpulāverit vāpulārit |
| 1st pl. | vāpulāmus | vāpulābāmus | vāpulābimus | vāpulāvimus | vāpulāverāmus | vāpulāverimus vāpulārimus |
| 2nd pl. | vāpulātis | vāpulābātis | vāpulābitis | vāpulāvistis vāpulāstis | vāpulāverātis vāpulārātis | vāpulāveritis vāpulāritis |
| 3rd pl. | vāpulant | vāpulābant | vāpulābunt | vāpulāvērunt vāpulāvēre, vāpulārunt | vāpulāverant vāpulārant | vāpulāverint vāpulārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | vāpulem | vāpulārem | vāpulāverim vāpulārim | vāpulāvissem vāpulāssem |
| 2nd sg. | vāpulēs | vāpulārēs | vāpulāverīs | vāpulāvissēs vāpulāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | vāpulet | vāpulāret | vāpulāverit vāpulārit | vāpulāvisset vāpulāsset |
| 1st pl. | vāpulēmus | vāpulārēmus | vāpulāverīmus vāpulārīmus | vāpulāvissēmus vāpulāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | vāpulētis | vāpulārētis | vāpulāverītis vāpulārītis | vāpulāvissētis vāpulāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | vāpulent | vāpulārent | vāpulāverint vāpulārint | vāpulāvissent vāpulāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | vāpulātur | vāpulābātur | vāpulābitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | vāpulantur | vāpulābantur | vāpulābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | vāpulētur | vāpulārētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | vāpulentur | vāpulārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | vāpulā | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | vāpulāte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | vāpulātō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | vāpulātō | vāpulātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | vāpulātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | vāpulantō | vāpulantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | vāpulāre | vāpulārī |
| perfect infinitive | vāpulāvisse vāpulāsse | vāpulātum esse |
| future infinitive | vāpulātūrum esse | vāpulātum īrī |
| present participle | vāpulāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | vāpulātum |
| future participle | vāpulātūrus vāpulātūra, vāpulātūrā, vāpulātūrae, vāpulātūram, vāpulātūrārum, vāpulātūrās, vāpulātūre, vāpulātūrī, vāpulātūrīs, vāpulātūrō, vāpulātūrōrum, vāpulātūrōs, vāpulātūrum | vāpulandum vāpulanda, vāpulandā, vāpulandae, vāpulandam, vāpulandārum, vāpulandās, vāpulande, vāpulandīs, vāpulandōrum, vāpulandōs, vāpulandus |
gerundvāpulandī, vāpulandō, vāpulandumsupinevāpulātum, vāpulātū
vāpŭlo, āvi, 1,
I. v. neutral pass. [perh. root vap-; cf. vappo; prop. to wriggle, flutter; hence], to get a cudgelling or flogging, to be flogged.
I. Lit.:
ego vapulando, ille verberando usque ambo defessi sumus, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5; so (opp. verberare), Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 178: vapulo ego invitus, id. Cas. 5, 3, 15: ergo istoc magis, Quia vaniloquus, vapulabis, id. Am. 1, 1, 223: cum corpus vapulet, Lucr. 4, 936: non ego, sed tenuis vapulat umbra mea, Prop. 3, 3 (2, 12), 20: qui illum viderant ab illo flagris vapulantem, Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 15, 2: testis in reum rogatus, an ab reo fustibus vapulasset, Quint. 9, 2, 12; 1, 3, 16: saepe territus quasi vapulaturus, Dig. 47, 10, 15: coctum ego, non vapulatum dudum conductus fui, Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 9.—2. Vapula, vapulet, as an opprobrious expression, you be flogged! he be flogged! like the vulg. Engl., you be hanged! he be hanged! nunc profecto vapula ob mendacium, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 214; id. As. 2, 4, 72; id. Truc. 5, 53:
vapulet! Ne sibi me credat supplicem fore! id. Pers. 2, 3, 17: vapulare te vehementer jubeo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 12.—Hence, prov.: vapula Papiria, of doubtful signif.; v. Fest. p. 372 Müll. —B. Transf.
1. Of troops, like our to be beaten, i. e. to be conquered: septimam legionem vapulasse, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1, 4.—
2. Of property, to be dissipated, squandered:
vapulat peculium, Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 10: multa, Sen. Q. N. 6, 7, 6.—3. In gen., of inanim. things, to be struck, beaten:
(olea) quae vapulavit macescit, Varr. R. R. 1, 55, 1: turris pluvio, Sen. Agam. 93.—B. To be in trouble, to be afflicted:
sub Veneris regno vapulo, non sub Jovis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
vāpulō āvī, —, āre,
to get a cudgelling, be flogged: vapulando defessi, T.—Of troops, to be beaten: septimam legionem vapulasse.—Fig., to be lashed, be reviled: omnium sermonibus.
Origins
From Proto-Indo-European *weh₂p-. Probably onomatopoeic in its origin, meaning 'cry, wail', from which meaning the attested meaning 'be beaten, be stricken' evolved.
Descendants
- Englishvapulate
- Spanishvapulear
- Spanishvapular
In English words that came into English from vāpulō
- vapulatevāpulō
- vapulationvāpulāre