verbfirst conjugation, impersonal in the passive
substō
substō (present infinitive substāre, perfect active substetī, supine substatum)
Classical[ˈsʊp.stoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsub.sto]
Meaning
- impersonalintransitiveto hold out, to stand firm
periī, metuō ut substet hospes.
1874 translation by Henry Thomas Riley I'm undone! I fear that the stranger will not put up with this.166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 5.914
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | substō | substābam | substābō | substetī | substeteram | substeterō |
| 2nd sg. | substās | substābās | substābis | substetistī | substeterās | substeteris |
| 3rd sg. | substat | substābat | substābit | substetit | substeterat | substeterit |
| 1st pl. | substāmus | substābāmus | substābimus | substetimus | substeterāmus | substeterimus |
| 2nd pl. | substātis | substābātis | substābitis | substetistis | substeterātis | substeteritis |
| 3rd pl. | substant | substābant | substābunt | substetērunt substetēre, substetērai | substeterant | substeterint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | substem | substārem | substeterim | substetissem |
| 2nd sg. | substēs | substārēs | substeterīs | substetissēs |
| 3rd sg. | substet | substāret | substeterit | substetisset |
| 1st pl. | substēmus | substārēmus | substeterīmus | substetissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | substētis | substārētis | substeterītis | substetissētis |
| 3rd pl. | substent | substārent | substeterint | substetissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | substātur | substābātur | substābitur |
| 1st pl. | — | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — | — |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | — | — |
| 2nd sg. | — | — |
| 3rd sg. | substētur | substārētur |
| 1st pl. | — | — |
| 2nd pl. | — | — |
| 3rd pl. | — | — |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | substā | — |
| pres. 2nd pl. | substāte | — |
| fut. 2nd sg. | substātō | — |
| fut. 3rd sg. | substātō | substātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | substātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | substantō | — |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | substāre | substārī |
| perfect infinitive | substetisse | substatum esse |
| future infinitive | substātūrum esse | substatum īrī |
| present participle | substāns substante, substantem, substantēs, substantī, substantia, substantibus, substantis, substantīs, substantium | — |
| perfect participle | — | substatum |
| future participle | substātūrus substātūra, substātūrā, substātūrae, substātūram, substātūrārum, substātūrās, substātūre, substātūrī, substātūrīs, substātūrō, substātūrōrum, substātūrōs, substātūrum | substandum |
gerundsubstandī, substandō, substandumsupinesubstatum, substatū
sub-sto, āre, v. n.
I. To stand or be under or among, to be present (very rare;
not in Cic.): si pure substante non rumpuntur hi tumores, Cels. 6, 10 med.: nullo dolore substante, id. 2, 7 med.; 2, 12, 2.— * II. To stand firm, hold out, = subsisto:
metuo, ut substet hospes, Ter. And. 5, 4, 11.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
sub-stō —, —, āre,
to stand firm, hold out, T.
Origins
From sub- + stō.
Italo-Romance
- Italiansostare
- Neapolitansustà
Gallo-Romance
- Occitansostar