verbfirst conjugation
simulō
simulō (present infinitive simulāre, perfect active simulāvī, supine simulātum)
Classical[ˈsɪ.mʊ.ɫoː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsiː.mu.lo]
simulāte 2nd pl. pres. act. imper.
Meaning
- to make like, simulate, imitate, copy, represent
- to feign, pretend
- to behave or act (as if, as though)
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
speciem falsam faciōsimulō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 16
fictus, nōn vērussimulātus -a -um — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 22
speciem falsam gerōsimulō -āre — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 12
ad imitātiōnem factussimulātus -a -um — in Aeneis, ch. 8
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | simulō | simulābam | simulābō | simulāvī | simulāveram simulāram | simulāverō simulārō |
| 2nd sg. | simulās | simulābās | simulābis | simulāvistī simulāstī | simulāverās simulārās | simulāveris simulāris |
| 3rd sg. | simulat | simulābat | simulābit | simulāvit simulāt | simulāverat simulārat | simulāverit simulārit |
| 1st pl. | simulāmus | simulābāmus | simulābimus | simulāvimus simulāmus | simulāverāmus simulārāmus | simulāverimus simulārimus |
| 2nd pl. | simulātis | simulābātis | simulābitis | simulāvistis simulāstis | simulāverātis simulārātis | simulāveritis simulāritis |
| 3rd pl. | simulant | simulābant | simulābunt | simulāvērunt simulārunt, simulāvēre | simulāverant simulārant | simulāverint simulārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | simulem | simulārem | simulāverim simulārim | simulāvissem simulāssem |
| 2nd sg. | simulēs | simulārēs | simulāverīs simulārīs | simulāvissēs simulāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | simulet | simulāret | simulāverit simulārit | simulāvisset simulāsset |
| 1st pl. | simulēmus | simulārēmus | simulāverīmus simulārīmus | simulāvissēmus simulāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | simulētis | simulārētis | simulāverītis simulārītis | simulāvissētis simulāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | simulent | simulārent | simulāverint simulārint | simulāvissent simulāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | simulor | simulābar | simulābor |
| 2nd sg. | simulāris simulāre | simulābāris simulābāre | simulāberis simulābere |
| 3rd sg. | simulātur | simulābātur | simulābitur |
| 1st pl. | simulāmur | simulābāmur | simulābimur |
| 2nd pl. | simulāminī | simulābāminī | simulābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | simulantur | simulābantur | simulābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | simuler | simulārer |
| 2nd sg. | simulēris simulēre | simulārēris simulārēre |
| 3rd sg. | simulētur | simulārētur |
| 1st pl. | simulēmur | simulārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | simulēminī | simulārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | simulentur | simulārentur |
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | simulā | simulāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | simulāte | simulāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | simulātō | simulātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | simulātō | simulātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | simulātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | simulantō | simulantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | simulāre | simulārī |
| perfect infinitive | simulāvisse simulāsse | simulātum esse |
| future infinitive | simulātūrum esse | simulātum īrī |
| present participle | simulāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | simulātus simulāta, simulātā, simulātae, simulātam, simulātārum, simulātās, simulātī, simulātōrum, simulātōs |
| future participle | simulātūrus simulātūra, simulātūrā, simulātūrae, simulātūram, simulātūrārum, simulātūrās, simulātūre, simulātūrī, simulātūrīs, simulātūrō, simulātūrōrum, simulātūrōs, simulātūrum | simulandus simulanda, simulandā, simulandae, simulandam, simulandārum, simulandās, simulande, simulandīs, simulandōrum, simulandōs |
gerundsimulandī, simulandō, simulandumsupinesimulātum, simulātū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- simulare morbum
- to pretend to be ill.
- lacrimae simulatae
- crocodiles' tears.
- aliquis simulat aegrum or se esse aegrum
- some one feigns illness.
sĭmŭlo (less correctly sĭmĭlo; v. assimulo
I. fin.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. similis.
I. In gen., to make a thing like another; to imitate, copy, represent a thing (mostly poet.;
syn. imitor): corpora igni simulata, made like, like, Lucr. 1, 687: nimbos et non imitabile fulmen simulare, Verg. A. 6, 591: simulet Catonem, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 13: cum sint crura tibi, simulent quae cornua lunae, Mart. 2, 35, 1: furias Bacchi, Ov. M. 6, 596: equam (sonus), id. ib. 2, 668: artem (natura), id. ib. 3, 158: anum, to assume the form of, id. ib. 3, 275; 6, 26; 11, 310; id. F. 4, 517; so, Homeri illa Minerva simulata Mentori, Cic. Att. 9, 8, 2 (cf. Hom. Od. 3, 22): simulata Troja, a counterfeit Troy, i. e. which is copied after, built like Troy, Ov. M. 13, 721: simulata magnis Pergama, Verg. A. 3, 349: latices simulatos fontis Averni, id. ib. 4, 512: cupressum simulare, to represent, paint, Hor. A. P. 20: antrum in ostro, Sil. 15, 430. —With object-clause: Pallas ... simulat ... terram Prodere cum baccis fetum canentis olivae, represents the earth producing, etc., Ov. M. 6, 80; cf. also, transf., of a work of art: aera Fortis Alexandri vultum simulantia, representing, imaging, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 241.—II. In partic., to represent a thing as being which has no existence, to feign a thing to be what it is not (while dissimulare is to pretend a thing not to be which really is, to conceal), to assume the appearance of a thing, to feign, pretend, counterfeit, simulate (class. and freq.).
(a). With acc. (in Cic. in the act. perh. only with a pron.):
nec ut emat melius, nec ut vendat, quicquam simulabit aut dissimulabit vir bonus, Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 4: experiar, quid ames, quid simules, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 71: (oportuit) non simulare mortem verbis, re ipsā spem vitae dare, i.e. to pretend that she was dead, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 23: studium conjurationis vehementer simulare, Sall. C. 41, 5: deditionem ac deinde metum, id. J. 36, 2: diffidentiam rei, id. ib. 60, 5: pacem, id. ib. 111, 4; cf.: pacem cum Scipione Sulla sive faciebat sive simulabat, Cic. Phil. 13, 1, 2: constantiam, Tac. H. 1, 81: obsequium, id. A. 12, 47 et saep.: Hannibal aegrum simulabat, pretended to be sick, Liv. 25, 8, 12: sanum, Ov. R. Am. 493: furentem, Sen. Herc. Oet. 429: praegravem aut delumbem sese simulans, Plin. 10, 33, 51, § 103: supervacaneos, Just. 6, 6, 3.—With pro: simulat se pro uxore Nini filium, pro femina puerum, Just. 1, 2, 1.—Pass.: tum pol ego is essem vere, qui simulabar, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 58: non simulatur amor, Ov. H. 17, 36: tecto lumine somnus, id. ib. 21, 199: ad simulanda negotia altitudo ingenii incredibilis, Sall. J. 95, 3 et saep.—Esp. freq. in part. perf.: ficto officio simulatāque sedulitate conjunctus, Cic. Caecin. 5, 14: officio simulato, id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112: simulatā amicitiā, Caes. B. G. 1,44: hortatur simulata conscientia adeant, Tac. A. 2, 40 et saep.: cum ex eo quaereretur, quid esset dolus malus? respondebat: cum esset aliud simulatum, aliud actum, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 60: in amicitiā nihil fictum est, nihil simulatum, id. Lael. 8, 26; so (with fictum) id. ib. 18, 65; id. Off. 2, 12, 43; with falsum, id. de Or. 2, 45, 189; id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; with fucata (opp. vera), id. Lael. 25, 95: simulato vecta juvenco, Ov. Am. 1, 3, 23: simulatae ordine justo exsequiae, Sil. 16, 305.—(b). With object-clause (so most freq.):
qui omnia se simulant scire, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 168: ille se Tarentum proficisci cum simulasset, Cic. Clu. 9, 27: illi reverti se in suas sedes simulaverunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 4: simulat Jove natus abire, Ov. M. 2, 697; 4, 338 al.; Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 4; id. Ep. 3, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Rud. 5, 3, 43; id. Truc. prol. 18; 1, 1, 68 sq. al.: id mirari te simulato, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 70; id. Hec. 1, 2, 109; 1, 2, 113; Afran. ap. Non. 511, 7; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Lael. 26, 99; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13; Caes. B. C. 3, 21; Quint. 8, 2, 24: simulandum est, quaedam nos dicere, Quint. 4, 5, 20; cf.: qui per ambitionem probos sese simulavere, Sall. J. 85, 9: adcurrit pedes ejus feta, praegravem, delumbem sese simulans, Plin. 10, 33, 51, § 103; Just. 3, 1, 8: simulans a Dareo se esse praemissum, Curt. 4, 1, 29.—Pass.: schema, quo aliud simulatur dici quam dicitur, Quint. 9, 1, 14.—(g). With quasi (mostly Plautin.):
quasi affuerim simulabo atque audita eloquar, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45; id. As. 4, 1, 51: quasi militi animum adjeceris simulare, id. Mil. 3, 3, 35; id. Pers. 4, 5, 5; cf.: praefectus, quasi et ipse conterritus, simulans cuncta pavore compleverat, Curt. 3, 13, 10. —(d). Absol.:
cur simulat? Ter. And. 2, 3, 1; 1, 1, 21; 3, 4, 9: non in perpetuom ut dares, Verum ut simulares, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 34; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15: simulandi gratiā, Sall. J. 37, 4; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 6, 3, 85; Ov. M. 13, 299 al.—Impers. pass.: quid est, quod amplius simuletur? Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 28.—Hence, A. sĭmŭlans, antis, P. a. *
1. Imitating, imitative:
non fuit in terris vocum simulantior ales (psittaco), Ov. Am. 2, 6, 23.—2. Sĭmŭlans, The Pretender, the title of a comedy of Afranius (v. the Fragm. Com. Rel. p. 172 sq. Rib.), Cic. Sest. 55, 118.—Advv.: sĭmŭlanter, feignedly, pretendedly, apparently (for the class. simulate):
simulanter revictā Charite, App. M. 8, p. 205, 36.—B. sĭmŭlātē, feignedly, pretendedly, not sincerely:
sive ex animo id fit sive simulate, Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168: ficte et simulate, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13.—Comp.: simulatius exit proditionis opus, Petr. poët. Fragm. 28, 4.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
simulō (not similō), āvī, ātus, āre
similis, to make like, imitate, copy, represent : nimbos et fulmen, V.: Catonem, H.: artem Ingenio suo, O.: anum, assume the form of , O.: Homeri illa Minerva simulata Mentori: simulata Troia, counterfeit Troy , O.: cupressum, i. e. depict , H.; cf. aera Alexandri voltum simulantia, imaging , H.: simulat . . . terram Edere fetum olivae, represents the earth producing , etc., O.— To represent, feign, assume the appearance of, pretend, counterfeit, simulate : cur simulat? T.: qui te ament ex animo ac non simulent: simulandi gratiā, S.: quasi perterritus simulans, by pretending fear , Cu.: Quid est, quod amplius simuletur? T.: mortem verbis, i. e. to pretend that she was dead , T.: studium coniurationis, S.: aegrum, pretend to be sick , L.: ad simulanda negotia altitudo ingeni incredibilis, S.: eius ficti simulatique voltūs: simulatā amicitiā, Cs.: simulato vecta iuvenco, O.: ille se Tarentum proficisci cum simulasset: simulat Iove natus abire, O.: sese probos simulare, S.
Origins
From similis (“like”) + -ō (with u before l-pinguis).
Descendants
- Catalansimular
- Englishsimulate
- Frenchsimuler
- Germansimulieren
- Italiansimulare
- Portuguesesimular
- Romaniansimula
- Spanishsimular
- Asturiansimular
- Galiciansimular