verbfourth conjugation
sarriō
sarriō (present infinitive sarrīre, perfect active sarruī or sarrīvī, supine sarrītum)
Classical[ˈsar.ri.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈsar.ri.o]
Meaning
- to hoe
- to weed (crops)
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | sarriō | sarriēbam | sarriam | sarruī sarrīvī | sarrueram sarrīveram | sarruerō sarrīverō |
| 2nd sg. | sarrīs | sarriēbās | sarriēs | sarruistī sarrīvistī | sarruerās sarrīverās | sarrueris sarrīveris |
| 3rd sg. | sarrit | sarriēbat | sarriet | sarruit sarrīvit | sarruerat sarrīverat | sarruerit sarrīverit |
| 1st pl. | sarrīmus | sarriēbāmus | sarriēmus | sarruimus sarrīvimus | sarruerāmus sarrīverāmus | sarruerimus sarrīverimus |
| 2nd pl. | sarrītis | sarriēbātis | sarriētis | sarruistis sarrīvistis | sarruerātis sarrīverātis | sarrueritis sarrīveritis |
| 3rd pl. | sarriunt | sarriēbant | sarrient | sarruērunt sarruēre, sarrīvērunt, sarrīvēre | sarruerant sarrīverant | sarruerint sarrīverint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | sarriam | sarrīrem | sarruerim sarrīverim | sarruissem sarrīvissem |
| 2nd sg. | sarriās | sarrīrēs | sarruerīs sarrīverīs | sarruissēs sarrīvissēs |
| 3rd sg. | sarriat | sarrīret | sarruerit sarrīverit | sarruisset sarrīvisset |
| 1st pl. | sarriāmus | sarrīrēmus | sarruerīmus sarrīverīmus | sarruissēmus sarrīvissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | sarriātis | sarrīrētis | sarruerītis sarrīverītis | sarruissētis sarrīvissētis |
| 3rd pl. | sarriant | sarrīrent | sarruerint sarrīverint | sarruissent sarrīvissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | sarrior | sarriēbar | sarriar |
| 2nd sg. | sarrīris sarrīre | sarriēbāris sarriēbāre | sarriēris sarriēre |
| 3rd sg. | sarrītur | sarriēbātur | sarriētur |
| 1st pl. | sarrīmur | sarriēbāmur | sarriēmur |
| 2nd pl. | sarrīminī | sarriēbāminī | sarriēminī |
| 3rd pl. | sarriuntur | sarriēbantur | sarrientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | sarriar | sarrīrer |
| 2nd sg. | sarriāris sarriāre | sarrīrēris sarrīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | sarriātur | sarrīrētur |
| 1st pl. | sarriāmur | sarrīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | sarriāminī | sarrīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | sarriantur | sarrīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | sarrī | sarrīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | sarrīte | sarrīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | sarrītō | sarrītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | sarrītō | sarrītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | sarrītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | sarriuntō | sarriuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | sarrīre | sarrīrī |
| perfect infinitive | sarruisse sarrīvisse | sarrītum esse |
| future infinitive | sarrītūrum esse | sarrītum īrī |
| present participle | sarriēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | sarrītus sarrīta, sarrītā, sarrītae, sarrītam, sarrītārum, sarrītās, sarrītī, sarrītōrum, sarrītōs |
| future participle | sarrītūrus sarrītūra, sarrītūrā, sarrītūrae, sarrītūram, sarrītūrārum, sarrītūrās, sarrītūre, sarrītūrī, sarrītūrīs, sarrītūrō, sarrītūrōrum, sarrītūrōs, sarrītūrum | sarriendus sarriundus, sarrienda, sarriendā, sarriendae, sarriendam, sarriendārum, sarriendās, sarriende, sarriendīs, sarriendōrum, sarriendōs |
gerundsarriendī, sarriendō, sarriendumsupinesarrītum, sarrītū
sarrio (sario), ŭi and īvi (the former in Cato, R. R. 161, 2; the latter in Col. 11, 2, 10), ītum, 4, v. a.; in agricult. lang.,
I. to hoe the soil, plants, etc., for the purpose of destroying weeds; to weed, Cato, R. R. 161, 1 and 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 8; 1, 29, 1; Col. 2, 11, 4; 11, 2, 9 sq.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 5; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 184; 18, 17, 45, § 158; Mart. 3, 93, 20; Vulg. Isa. 7, 25.
Origins
Uncertain. De Vaan expressed uncertainty on whether the geminate consonant form sarriō or the long vowel form sārio was the more original form. (Note, however, that Gaffiot lists the form with one r as having short ă.) He assigns this word to Proto-Indo-European *sers- (“to cut off, weed”), connecting it with serra (“saw”) and Proto-Iranian *hrnaka- (“saw”) (whence Sanskrit सृणी (sṛṇī, “sickle”), Khotanese [script needed] (harraa-, “saw”)), while contemplating on whether it could be derived from a root *ser- (“to cut off”). The LIV alternatively derives sariō from *sr̥h₃-yé-ti, from *serh₃-, in which case the Latin term would perhaps relate to Ancient Greek ῥώομαι (rhṓomai, “to move violently, with speed”), though this connection is semantically tentative and is rejected by De Vaan.
In English words that came into English from sarriō
- sartsarrītum