verbfirst conjugation
refūtō
refūtō (present infinitive refūtāre, perfect active refūtāvī, supine refūtātum)
Classical[rɛˈfuː.toː]Ecclesiastical[reˈfuː.to]
Meaning
- to check, repress
- to restrain, oppose
- to refute
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
falsa esse dēmōnstrōrefūtō -āre — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 9
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Refutare · Confutare · Refellere
1. Refutare and confutare (from sputare? or φοιτᾶν?) denote a refutation, in whatever manner; refellere (from fallere) on good grounds, and by convincing arguments. 2. The refutans acts on the defensive in refuting the arguments that are opposed to him; the confutans, on the offensive, in exposing their nullity, and cutting them up. Cic. Font. 1. Plus laboris consumo in poscendis testibus quam defensores in refutandis; comp. with N. D. ii. 17. Cujus opinionis levitas confutata a Cotta non desiderat orationem meam. (iv. 43.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | refūtō | refūtābam | refūtābō | refūtāvī | refūtāveram | refūtāverō refūtārō |
| 2nd sg. | refūtās | refūtābās | refūtābis | refūtāvistī refūtāstī | refūtāverās refūtārās | refūtāveris |
| 3rd sg. | refūtat | refūtābat | refūtābit | refūtāvit | refūtāverat refūtārat | refūtāverit refūtārit |
| 1st pl. | refūtāmus | refūtābāmus | refūtābimus | refūtāvimus | refūtāverāmus | refūtāverimus refūtārimus |
| 2nd pl. | refūtātis | refūtābātis | refūtābitis | refūtāvistis refūtāstis | refūtāverātis refūtārātis | refūtāveritis refūtāritis |
| 3rd pl. | refūtant | refūtābant | refūtābunt | refūtāvērunt refūtāvēre, refūtārunt | refūtāverant refūtārant | refūtāverint refūtārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | refūtem | refūtārem | refūtāverim refūtārim | refūtāvissem refūtāssem |
| 2nd sg. | refūtēs | refūtārēs | refūtāverīs | refūtāvissēs refūtāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | refūtet | refūtāret | refūtāverit refūtārit | refūtāvisset refūtāsset |
| 1st pl. | refūtēmus | refūtārēmus | refūtāverīmus refūtārīmus | refūtāvissēmus refūtāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | refūtētis | refūtārētis | refūtāverītis refūtārītis | refūtāvissētis refūtāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | refūtent | refūtārent | refūtāverint refūtārint | refūtāvissent refūtāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | refūtor | refūtābar | refūtābor |
| 2nd sg. | refūtāris refūtāre | refūtābāris refūtābāre | refūtāberis refūtābere |
| 3rd sg. | refūtātur | refūtābātur | refūtābitur |
| 1st pl. | refūtāmur | refūtābāmur | refūtābimur |
| 2nd pl. | refūtāminī | refūtābāminī | refūtābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | refūtantur | refūtābantur | refūtābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | refūter | refūtārer |
| 2nd sg. | refūtēris refūtēre | refūtārēris refūtārēre |
| 3rd sg. | refūtētur | refūtārētur |
| 1st pl. | refūtēmur | refūtārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | refūtēminī | refūtārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | refūtentur | refūtārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | refūtā | refūtāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | refūtāte | refūtāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | refūtātō | refūtātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | refūtātō | refūtātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | refūtātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | refūtantō | refūtantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | refūtāre | refūtārī |
| perfect infinitive | refūtāvisse refūtāsse | refūtātum esse |
| future infinitive | refūtātūrum esse | refūtātum īrī |
| present participle | refūtāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | refūtātus refūtāta, refūtātā, refūtātae, refūtātam, refūtātārum, refūtātās, refūtātī, refūtātōrum, refūtātōs |
| future participle | refūtātūrus refūtātūra, refūtātūrā, refūtātūrae, refūtātūram, refūtātūrārum, refūtātūrās, refūtātūre, refūtātūrī, refūtātūrīs, refūtātūrō, refūtātūrōrum, refūtātūrōs, refūtātūrum | refūtandus refūtanda, refūtandā, refūtandae, refūtandam, refūtandārum, refūtandās, refūtande, refūtandīs, refūtandōrum, refūtandōs |
gerundrefūtandī, refūtandō, refūtandumsupinerefūtātum, refūtātū
rĕfūto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. root fu-; Gr. χυ-, χεϝω, χεῦμα; cf.:
fundo, futtilis, Georg Curtius Gr. Etym. p. 204 sq., I. to check, drive back, repress.
I. Lit.:
semper illas nationes nostri imperatores refutandas potius bello quam lacessandas putaverunt, Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—II. Trop., to repel, repress, resist, restrain, oppose (freq. and class.; syn.: reicio, reprimo).
A. In gen.:
virtutem aspernari ac refutare, Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 44: refutetur ac reiciatur ille clamor, id. Tusc. 2, 33, 55: alicujus cupiditatem, id. Fam. 1, 9, 25: vitam, to contemn, Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 4, 218 (H. 1, 73 Dietsch); cf.: temporis munera, Quint. 10, 6, 6: alicujus libidinem, Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4: nummum, Sol. 22 med.: ad mortem si te (Fors dicta refutet!) Prodiderim, may fate avert, Verg. A. 12, 41.—B. In partic., to repel, rebut any thing by speech, etc.; to confute, refute, disprove (syn.:
refello, redarguo): res refutat id, Lucr. 2, 245; 2, 867: nemo te ita refutandum ut gravem adversarium arbitrabatur, Cic. Vatin. 1, 1: testes, id. Font. 1, 1: nostra confirmare argumentis ac rationibus, deinde contraria refutare, id. de Or. 2, 19, 80; so (opp. confirmare) Quint. 5, prooem. § 2;: neque refutanda tantum, sed contemnenda, elevanda, ridenda sunt, id. 6, 4, 10: perjuria testimoniis, Cic. Font. 16, 35: oratio re multo magis quam verbis refutata, id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52: infamiam pudicitiae posterae vitae castitate, Suet. Aug. 71: quos tum, ut pueri, refutare domesticis testibus solebamus, Cic. de Or. 2, 1, 2: a te refutentur, id. Fam. 9, 11, 2: tribunos oratione feroci, Liv. 2, 52 fin.— Poet., with object-clause: si quis corpus sentire refutat, denies, Lucr. 3, 350.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
refūtō āvī, ātus, āre
re+FV-, to check, drive back, repress : nationes refutandas bello putare. —Fig., to repel, repress, resist, restrain, oppose : vi vim oblatam: refutetur ac reiciatur ilie clamor: ad mortem si te (fors dicta refutet!) Prodiderim, may fate avert , V.— To repel, rebut, confute, refute, disprove : videntur ea esse refutanda: te refutandum arbitrari: nostra confirmare argumentis, deinde contraria refutare: oratio re magis quam verbis refutata: tribunos oratione.
Origins
From re- + *futo (“to beat”). Possibly cognate with English beat.
Descendants
- Catalanrefutar
- Englishrefute
- Italianrefutare
- Italianrifiutare
- Portugueserefutar
- Spanishrefutar
- Galicianrefutar
- Piedmontesearfudé
- Piedmonteserifudé
In English words that came into English from refūtō
- refuterefūtō
- refutationrefūtātiō
- irrefutableirrefūtābilis
- refutandumrefūtandum