noun · masculinethird declension
pulvis
pulvis m (genitive pulveris)
Classical[ˈpʊɫ.wɪs]Ecclesiastical[ˈpul.vis]
Mille Verba core vocabulary
Meaning
- femininemasculinesometimesdust, powder, ashes
‘mittite mē in Tiberim, Tiberīnīs vectus ut undīs
“Release [my body] into the Tiber [River], so that, carried by the waves of the Tiber, I may go as lifeless dust to the Inachian shore.”8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.655–656pulvis es et in pulverem revertēris.
Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return (King James ver.)c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Genesis.3.19 - femininefigurativelymasculinesometimesan arena, place of contest
- femininemasculinesometimestoil, effort, labor
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
terra minima et sicca quam ventus et pedēs tollunt; via pulvere plēna.pulvis -eris m — in Mille Verba, ch. Via et Iter
terra minūta et siccapulvis -eris (m) — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 8
terra minūtissima, sordēspulvis -eris (m) — in Evangelium secundum Marcum, ch. 10
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pulvis | pulverēs |
| genitive | pulveris | pulverum |
| dative | pulverī | pulveribus |
| accusative | pulverem | pulverēs |
| ablative | pulvere | pulveribus |
| vocative | pulvis | pulverēs |
pulvis, ĕris (nom. pulver, App. Herb. 35; Theod. Prisc. 1, 30; 2, 32; cf. Prisc. p. 707 P.), m. (
I. fem., Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 sq.; Prop. 1, 22, 6; 2, 13, 35 (3, 5, 19);
and also, masc., id. 1, 17, 23; 1, 19, 6; 4 (5), 9, 31). I. Lit., dust, powder: jamque fere pulvis ad caelum vasta videtur, Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 (Ann. v. 286 Vahl.): fulva, id. ap. Non. 217, 13 (Ann. v. 319 ib.):
si multus erat in calceis pulvis, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47; Lucr. 3, 381: pulveris nebula, id. 5, 254: Romani pulveris vim magnam animadvortunt, Sall. J. 53, 1; Caes. B. C. 2, 26: qui (ventus) nubes pulveris vehit, Liv. 22, 43: prospectum oculorum nubes pulveris abstulerat, Curt. 4, 15, 32; 5, 13, 12; Sil. 2, 174: subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem Prospiciunt, Verg. A. 9, 33: pulvis collectus turbine, Hor. S. 1, 4, 31: pulverem Olympicum Collegisse, id. C. 1, 1, 3: crinis pulvere collines, id. ib. 1, 15, 20: pulvere sparsi juvenes, Phaedr. 4, 24, 22: tum caeco pulvere campus Miscetur, Verg. A. 12, 444: pulverem excutere, Ov. A. A. 1, 150: sedare, Phaedr. 2, 5, 18: movere, Quint. 5, 10, 81: excitare, Col. Arb. 12: glaebam in pulverem resolvere, id. 11, 2, 60: eruditus, the dust or sand in which mathematicians drew their figures, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 48; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 23, 64: formas in pulvere describere, Liv. 25, 31; Pers. 1, 131: amomi, dust, powder, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 69: carbonis, coal-dust, id. A. A. 3, 628. —Poet.: Etrusca, i. e. soil, Prop. 1, 22, 6; so of potters' earth, Mart. 14, 1021; 1141; of volcanic ashes: Puteolanus, pozzolana, Stat. S. 4, 3, 53; Sen. Q. N. 3, 20, 3; Plin. 35, 13, 47, § 166.—Of the dust or ashes of the dead: pulvis et umbra sumus, Hor. C. 4, 7, 16 al.; cf.: pulvis es et in pulverem reverteris, Vulg. Gen. 3, 19: hibernus, i. e. a dry winter, Verg. G. 1, 101.—Esp.: pulvis belli, war: formosus pulvere belli, Mart. 8, 65, 3: duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidi, Hor. C. 2, 1, 22: in pulverem Martium tractus, Amm. 16, 1, 5: exercitus pulvere coalitus Martio, id. 21, 12, 22.—In plur.: novendiales, Hor. Epod. 17, 48: cineris pulveres, Pall. 3, 25, 14 (cf. id. 11, 14, 15): pulverum mole degravante, Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 83; cf. Gell. 19, 8, 13: natio ad pulveres Martios erudita, Amm. 23, 6, 83.—Prov.: sulcos in pulvere ducere, to draw furrows in the sand, i. e. to give one's self useless trouble, Juv. 7, 48: pulverem ob oculos aspergere, to throw dust in one's eyes, i. e. to deceive, Gell. 5, 21, 4.—II. Transf.
2. In gen., a scene of action, field (cf. arena):
doctrinam ex umbraculis eruditorum in solem atque pulverem produxit, i. e. before the public, Cic. Leg. 3, 6, 14; cf. Hor. C. 1, 8, 4: educenda dictio est in agmen, in pulverem, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: forensis pulvis, Quint. 10, 1, 33: inque suo noster pulvere currat equus, on his own field, within his own territory, Ov. F. 2, 360.—B. Toil, effort, labor (poet.):
cui sit condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmae, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 51.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
pulvis eris, m or (rarely) f
1 PAL-, dust, powder : multus in calceis: pulveris vim magnam animadvortunt, S.: qui (ventus) nubes pulveris vehit, L.: nigro glomerari pulvere nubem, V.: pulverem Olympicum Conlegisse, H.: pulvere sparsi iuvenes, Ph.: caeco pulvere campus Miscetur, V.: pulverem excutere, O.: numquam eruditum illum pulverem attigistis, i. e. drew geometrical figures in sand : quas (formas) in pulvere descripserat, L.: amomi, powder , O.: carbonis, coal-dust , O.: Etrusca, earth , Pr.: Pulvis et umbra sumus, ashes , H.: hibernus, i. e. a dry winter , V.: duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidi, i. e. the dust of a successful campaign , H.—Prov.: sulcos in pulvere ducere, i. e. to labor to no purpose , Iu.— A scene of action, field, arena : doctrinam in solem atque in pulverem produxit, i. e. before the public : Inque suo noster pulvere currat equus, on his own field , O.: domitant in pulvere currūs, V.— Toil, effort, labor : condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmae, H.: patiens pulveris atque solis, H.
Origins
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”), with accompanying comparanda given in the box below. Cognates * Latin pollen * Sanskrit पलाल (palāla) * Ancient Greek πάλη (pálē, “dust, meal”) * Albanian pluhur, Gheg Albanian pluhun (possibly) * Lithuanian pelenai * Russian пепел (pepel) * Old Church Slavonic попелъ (popelŭ), пепелъ (pepelŭ) However, De Vaan is skeptical and prefers a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁- (“chaff”), comparing palea (“idem”); see there for more.
Insular Romance
- Sardinianpruere
- Sardinianpruine
- Sardinianpruini
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italianpolve
- Italianpolvere
- Dalmatianpulvro
- Dalmatianpolber
- Sassaresepiuvarufrom Corsican pòlvera
- Central Italianporverefrom Italian polve
- Central Italianporvarefrom Italian polve
- Central Italianpolvarefrom Italian polve
- Tuscanpolverefrom Italian polve
- Tuscanpolvarefrom Italian polve
Balkano-Romance
- Romanianpulbere
- Aromanianpulbiri
- Aromanianpulbire
- Aromanianpulviri
- Aromanianpulvire
- Aromanianpluburi
Borrowings
- Englishpulverfrom Middle English pulver
- Albanianpluhur
- Proto-West Germanic*pulver
- Welshpylor
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulianpolvar
- Friulianpulvaro
- Friulianpuvoro
- Ladinpolver
- Romanshpulver
Gallo-Italic
- Lombardpolver
- Ligurianpuviefrom Old Ligurian pover
- Piedmontesepóer
- Piedmontesepóver