verbfirst conjugation
labō
labō (present infinitive labāre, perfect active labāvī, supine labātum)
Classical[ˈɫa.boː]Ecclesiastical[ˈlaː.bo]
Meaning
- to totter, wobble
- to waver or decline
- to slip past, slide by, glide by
- to give way (to)
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Fluere · Manare · Liquere
Fluere (φλύω) denotes flowing, with reference to the motion of the fluid; manare (from μανός, or madere,) with reference to the imparting of the fluid; and liquere, with reference to the nature of the fluid. The cause of the fluendi is, that the fluid has no dam, and according to the law of gravity flows on; whereas the cause of the manandi is the over-fulness of the spring; lastly, liquere, to be fluid, is the negative state of fluere and manare. Hence fluere, with its synonyme labi, is more opposed to hærere and stare; and moreover labari, with its synonyme effundi, more opposed to contineri, claudi; lastly, liquere, with its synonyme dissolvi, more opposed to concrevisse, rigere. Gell. xvii. 11. Plato potum dixit defluere ad pulmonem, eoque satis humectato, demanare per eum, quia sit rimosior, et confluere inde in vesicam. (ii. 1.)
Conjugation conjugation 1
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | labō | labābam | labābō | labāvī | labāveram | labāverō labārō |
| 2nd sg. | labās | labābās | labābis | labāvistī labāstī | labāverās labārās | labāveris |
| 3rd sg. | labat | labābat | labābit | labāvit | labāverat labārat | labāverit labārit |
| 1st pl. | labāmus | labābāmus | labābimus | labāvimus | labāverāmus | labāverimus labārimus |
| 2nd pl. | labātis | labābātis | labābitis | labāvistis labāstis | labāverātis labārātis | labāveritis labāritis |
| 3rd pl. | labant | labābant | labābunt | labāvērunt labāvēre, labārunt | labāverant labārant | labāverint labārint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | labem | labārem | labāverim labārim | labāvissem labāssem |
| 2nd sg. | labēs | labārēs | labāverīs | labāvissēs labāssēs |
| 3rd sg. | labet | labāret | labāverit labārit | labāvisset labāsset |
| 1st pl. | labēmus | labārēmus | labāverīmus labārīmus | labāvissēmus labāssēmus |
| 2nd pl. | labētis | labārētis | labāverītis labārītis | labāvissētis labāssētis |
| 3rd pl. | labent | labārent | labāverint labārint | labāvissent labāssent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | labor | labābar | labābor |
| 2nd sg. | labāris labāre | labābāris labābāre | labāberis labābere |
| 3rd sg. | labātur | labābātur | labābitur |
| 1st pl. | labāmur | labābāmur | labābimur |
| 2nd pl. | labāminī | labābāminī | labābiminī |
| 3rd pl. | labantur | labābantur | labābuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | laber | labārer |
| 2nd sg. | labēris labēre | labārēris labārēre |
| 3rd sg. | labētur | labārētur |
| 1st pl. | labēmur | labārēmur |
| 2nd pl. | labēminī | labārēminī |
| 3rd pl. | labentur | labārentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | labā | labāre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | labāte | labāminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | labātō | labātor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | labātō | labātor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | labātōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | labantō | labantor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | labāre | labārī |
| perfect infinitive | labāvisse labāsse | labātum esse |
| future infinitive | labātūrum esse | labātum īrī |
| present participle | labāns | — |
| perfect participle | — | labātus labāta, labātā, labātae, labātam, labātārum, labātās, labātī, labātōrum, labātōs |
| future participle | labātūrus labātūra, labātūrā, labātūrae, labātūram, labātūrārum, labātūrās, labātūre, labātūrī, labātūrīs, labātūrō, labātūrōrum, labātūrōs, labātūrum | labandus labanda, labandā, labandae, labandam, labandārum, labandās, labande, labandīs, labandōrum, labandōs |
gerundlabandī, labandō, labandumsupinelabātum, labātū
lăbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. from the same root as 1. labor,
I. to totter, be ready to fall, begin to sink, to give way, be loosened (syn.: vacillo, titubo, nato).
I. Lit.: labat, labuntur saxa, caementae cadunt, Enn. ap. Non. 196, 3 (Trag. v. 142 Vahl.):
signum labat, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, 95: si ex ictu ... labant dentes, Cels. 7, 12, 1: labat ariete crebro Janua, Verg. A. 2, 492: labant curvae naves, roll, Ov. M. 2, 163: pressaeque labant sub gurgite turres, id. ib. 1, 290: (turris) qua summa labantis Juncturas tabulata dabant, Verg. A. 2, 463: littera labat, written with a trembling hand, Ov. H. 10, 140: labare sermone, to stutter, speak indistinctly, Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 146: si labat oculus et hac atque illac movetur, is unsteady, Cels. 7, 7, 14: tarda trementi genua labant, sink, Verg. A. 5, 432; so, pedes, Ov. F. 6, 676: vincla labant, are loosed, id. A. A. 2, 85.—Poet., of dying persons: inde labant populi, fall, sink, Luc. 6, 93; cf.: omnia tum vero vitaï claustra lababant, Lucr. 6, 1153.—With Gr. acc.: egressi labant vestigia prima, Verg. A. 10, 283 Forbig. (Rib. egressisque).—II. Trop.
A. To waver, to be unstable, undecided, to hesitate (in opinion, resolution, etc.):
si res labat, Itidem amici collabascunt, Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16; cf.: scito, labare meum consilium illud, quod satis jam fixum videbatur, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 2: labamus mutamusque sententiam, id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78: cum ei labare M. Antonius videretur, id. Phil. 6, 4, 10: animumque labantem inpulit, Verg. A. 4, 22: labantia corda, id. ib. 12, 223: socii labant, waver in fidelity, Liv. 22, 61; cf.: fides sociorum, id. 32, 30, 9: animus regis, id. 40, 54; 2, 39: quīs lababat fides, whose fidelity was wavering, Sil. 2, 392: mens, Ov. M. 6, 629: tu mente labantem dirige me, Luc. 2, 244: ex nimia matrem pietate labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: memoria labat, becomes weak, Liv. 5, 18; cf.: mens in illis (phreneticis) labat, in hoc (cordiaco) constat, Cels. 3, 19: nec dubium habebatur labare hostes, Tac. A. 2, 26: labante jam Agrippina, id. H. 14, 22: labantem ordinem contirmare, Suet. Caes. 14: acies labantes restituere, Tac. G. 8 init.: sustinere labantem aciem, id. H. 3, 23; 5, 18.—B. To sink, fall to pieces, go to ruin:
quid non sic aliud ex alio nectitur, ut non, si unam litteram moveris, labent omnia? Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: omnes rei publicae partes aegras et labantes sanare et confirmare, id. Mil. 25, 68; cf.: sustinuisse labantem fortunam populi Romani, Liv. 26, 41: sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet, id. 42, 50: labante egregia quondam disciplina, id. 36, 6: cum res Trojana labaret, Ov. M. 15, 437: labantibus Vitellii rebus, Tac. H. 2, 86: si quid in moribus labaret, id. A. 2, 33.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
labō āvī, ātus, āre
2 LAB-, to totter, be ready to fall, begin to sink, give way, be loosened : illud (signum) lababat: labat ariete crebro Ianua, V.: labant naves, roll , O.: littera labat, is unsteady , O.: tarda trementi Genua labant, sink , V.: egressi labant vestigia prima, V.—Fig., to waver, be unstable, be undecided, hesitate : scito, labare meum consilium: labamus mutamusque sententiam: apparuit labare plebis animos, L.: labantes consilio patres, H.: socii labant, waver in fidelity , L.: ex nimiā mentem pietate labare Sensit, O.: memoria labat, becomes weak , L.: acies labantīs restituere, Ta.— To sink, fall to pieces, go to ruin : omnīs rei p. partīs labantīs confirmare: labante egregiā quondam disciplinā, L.: cum res Troiana labaret, O.
Origins
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely, be weak”) (reconstructed by De Vaan as *(s)leh₂b-). Cognate with lābor, English sleep.