verbsecond conjugation
indulgeō
indulgeō (present infinitive indulgēre, perfect active indulsī, supine indultum)
Classical[ɪnˈdʊɫ.ɡe.oː]Ecclesiastical[inˈdul̠ʲ.d͡ʒe.o]
Meaning
- intransitiveto be kind or courteous (to); to be inclined (to); give free rein (to)
- intransitivetransitiveto give oneself up (to); to be addicted (to), indulge (in) (takes a dative object)
- transitiveto concede, allow, grant, permit, bestow
- to favor
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Concedere · Permittere · Connivere
Concedere and permittere mean, to grant something which a man has full right to dispose of; concedere, in consequence of a request or demand, in opp. to refusing, like συγχωρῆσαι; permittere, from confidence in a person, and liberality, in opp. to forbidding, like ἐφεῖναι; whereas indulgere and connivere mean to grant something, which may properly be forbidden; indulgere (ἐνδελεχεῖν?), from evident forbearance; connivere (κατανεύειν), from seeming oversight.
Conjugation conjugation 2
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | indulgeō | indulgēbam | indulgēbō | indulsī | indulseram | indulserō |
| 2nd sg. | indulgēs | indulgēbās | indulgēbis | indulsistī | indulserās | indulseris |
| 3rd sg. | indulget | indulgēbat | indulgēbit | indulsit | indulserat | indulserit |
| 1st pl. | indulgēmus | indulgēbāmus | indulgēbimus | indulsimus | indulserāmus | indulserimus |
| 2nd pl. | indulgētis | indulgēbātis | indulgēbitis | indulsistis | indulserātis | indulseritis |
| 3rd pl. | indulgent | indulgēbant | indulgēbunt | indulsērunt indulsēre | indulserant | indulserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | indulgeam | indulgērem | indulserim | indulsissem |
| 2nd sg. | indulgeās | indulgērēs | indulserīs | indulsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | indulgeat | indulgēret | indulserit | indulsisset |
| 1st pl. | indulgeāmus | indulgērēmus | indulserīmus | indulsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | indulgeātis | indulgērētis | indulserītis | indulsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | indulgeant | indulgērent | indulserint | indulsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | indulgeor | indulgēbar | indulgēbor |
| 2nd sg. | indulgēris indulgēre | indulgēbāris indulgēbāre | indulgēberis indulgēbere |
| 3rd sg. | indulgētur | indulgēbātur | indulgēbitur |
| 1st pl. | indulgēmur | indulgēbāmur | indulgēbimur |
| 2nd pl. | indulgēminī | indulgēbāminī | indulgēbiminī |
| 3rd pl. | indulgentur | indulgēbantur | indulgēbuntur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | indulgear | indulgērer |
| 2nd sg. | indulgeāris indulgeāre | indulgērēris indulgērēre |
| 3rd sg. | indulgeātur | indulgērētur |
| 1st pl. | indulgeāmur | indulgērēmur |
| 2nd pl. | indulgeāminī | indulgērēminī |
| 3rd pl. | indulgeantur | indulgērentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | indulgē | indulgēre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | indulgēte | indulgēminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | indulgētō | indulgētor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | indulgētō | indulgētor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | indulgētōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | indulgentō | indulgentor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | indulgēre | indulgērī |
| perfect infinitive | indulsisse | indultum esse |
| future infinitive | indultūrum esse | indultum īrī |
| present participle | indulgēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | indultus indulta, indultā, indultae, indultam, indultārum, indultās, indulte, indultī, indultīs, indultō, indultōrum, indultōs |
| future participle | indultūrus indultūra, indultūrā, indultūrae, indultūram, indultūrārum, indultūrās, indultūre, indultūrī, indultūrīs, indultūrō, indultūrōrum, indultūrōs, indultūrum | indulgendus indulgenda, indulgendā, indulgendae, indulgendam, indulgendārum, indulgendās, indulgende, indulgendīs, indulgendōrum, indulgendōs |
gerundindulgendī, indulgendō, indulgendumsupineindultum, indultū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- dolori indulgere
- to give way to grief.
- indulgere vitiis alicuius
- to be indulgent to a person's faults.
- irae indulgere (Liv. 23. 3)
- to give free play to one's anger.
- vino deditum esse, indulgere
- to be given to drink.
- animo or simply sibi indulgere
- to indulge oneself.
- sibi or ingenio suo indulgere (Nep. Chabr. 3)
- to indulge one's caprice.
indulgĕo, si, tum, 2, v. n. and a.
I. [etym. dub.; cf. dulcis], to be courteous or complaisant; to be kind, tender, indulgent to; to be pleased with or inclined to, to give one's self up to, yield to, indulge in a thing (as joy or grief); to concede, grant, allow.
I. V. n. (class.); constr. with the dat.
A. In gen.:
Aeduorum civitati Caesar praecipue indulserat, Caes. B. G. 1, 10; 7, 40: sic sibi indulsit, ut, etc., indulged himself so, took such liberties, Nep. Lys. 1, 3: indulgebat sibi liberalius, quam, ut, etc., id. Chabr. 3: irae, Liv. 3, 53, 7: indulgent sibi latius ipsi, Juv. 14, 234: ipsa sibi imbecillitas indulget, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42: indulgent consules legionum ardori, Liv. 9, 43, 19: dolori, Nep. Reg. 1: genio, Pers. 5, 151: amori, Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10: precibus, id. ib. 4, 15, 11: gaudio, id. ib. 5, 15, 1: desiderio alicujus, id. ib. 10, 34, 1: odio, Liv. 40, 5, 5: lacrimis, Ov. M. 9, 142: animo, to give way to passion or to anger, id. ib. 12, 598: regno, to delight in, Luc. 7, 54: ordinibus, give room to, set apart, Verg. G. 2, 277.—(b). With acc. of the person (ante-class. and poet.): eri, qui nos tantopere indulgent, Afran. ap. Non. 502, 11 (Fragm. Com. v. 390 Rib.):
te indulgebant, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 34; id. Eun. 2, 1, 16.—Pass.: animus indulgeri potuisset, be pleased, Gell. praef. 1.— B. Esp., to give one's self up to, to be given or addicted to, to indulge in:
veteres amicitias spernere, indulgere novis, Cic. Lael. 15, 54: labori, Verg. A. 6, 135: theatris, Ov. R. Am. 751: eloquentiae, Quint. 10, 1, 84: somno, Tac. A. 16, 19.—Pass. impers.: nihil relicturus, si aviditati indulgeretur, quod in aerarium referret, Liv. 45, 35, 6: sero petentibus non indulgebitur, Gai. Inst. 4, 164.—II. V. a., to concede, allow, grant, permit, give, bestow as a favor, confer (post- Aug.):
alicui usum pecuniae, Suet. Aug. 41: ornamenta consularia procuratoribus, id. Claud. 24: damnatis arbitrium mortis, id. Dom. 11: insignia triumphi indulsit Caesar, Tac. A. 11, 20: patientiam flagello, i. e. to submit to patiently, Mart. 1, 105, 3: nil animis in corpora juris natura indulget, grants no power, Juv. 2, 140: basia plectro, id. 6, 384: si forte indulsit cura soporem, id. 13, 217: veniam pueris, to make allowance for, id. 8, 168.— (b). With inf. (poet.):
incolere templa, Sil. 14, 672.— Pass.: qui jam nunc sanguinem meum sibi indulgeri aequum censet, Liv. 40, 15, 16: rerum ipsa natura in eo quod indulsisse homini videtur, etc., Quint. 12, 1, 2: abolitio reorum, quae publice indulgetur, is granted, Dig. 48, 16, 17. — A. Indulgent, kind, or tender to one, fond of one; constr. with dat., or in with acc. (class.).
(a). With dat.:
obsequium peccatis indulgens praecipitem amicum ferri sinit, Cic. Lael. 24, 89.—(b). With in and acc.:
civitas minime in captivos indulgens, Liv. 22, 61, 1. — (g). Absol.:
quo ipsum nomen amantius, indulgentiusque maternum, hoc illius matris singulare scelus, Cic. Clu. 5, 12: ministri irarum, Liv. 24, 25, 9. — B. Addicted to:
aleae indulgens, addicted to dicing, Suet. Aug. 70.—C. In pass., fondly loved: fili, indulgentissime adulescens, Ps.-Quint. Decl. 10, 13.— Adv.: indulgenter, indulgently, kindly, tenderly:
nimis indulgenter loqui, Cic. Att. 9, 9, 2: bestiae multa faciunt indulgenter, id. Fin. 2, 33, 109. — Comp.: dii alios indulgentius tractant, Sen. Ben. 4, 32.— Sup.: indulgentissime, Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 5.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
indulgeō ulsī, ultus, ēre,
to be complaisant, be kind, be tender, exercise forbearance, incline, yield, indulge, concede, grant, allow: Hactenus indulsisse vacat, thus far then I can yield, V.: Aeduorum civitati, Cs.: sic sibi indulsit, ut, etc., took such liberties, N.: irae, L.: sibi, Iu.: ipsa sibi imbecillitas indulget: legionum ardori, give scope, L.: Philippi odio, encourage, L.: ordinibus, give room, V.: cuius annis fata indulgent, favor, V.: te, T.: nimis me, T.—To give oneself up, be addicted, indulge: Vestitu nimio, T.: novis (amicitiis): vino, V.: lacrimis, O.: animo, anger, O.: Indulge hospitio, give full course, V.: si aviditati indulgeretur, L.—To concede, allow, grant, permit, give up, bestow, confer: soporem, Iu.: nil animis in corpora iuris Natura indulget, grants no power, Iu.: basia plectro, Iu.: veniam pueris, make allowance, Iu.: sese tribuno, give up, Iu.: sanguinem meum sibi indulgeri aequum censet, L.
Origins
From in- and an unattested verb *dulgeō, from Proto-Italic *dolɣēō, from Proto-Indo-European *delǵʰ- (“to become fixed”); cognate with Welsh dala (“to catch”), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (tulgjan, “to reinforce”), and perhaps Sanskrit दृह् (dṛh, “to make firm”). The initial in- may be, instead of the above, derived from a negated form of an unattested adjectival Proto-Indo-European *n-dlgʰ-ro- (“not hard”), thus giving indulgeō an original meaning of "to not be hard toward" > "to be lenient toward" > "to indulge". This is semantically smoother than if the "in-" were to mean "in". Possibly related to longus, Ancient Greek ἐνδελεχής (endelekhḗs, “continuous”), thus originally with the meaning of "being persistent, patient".
Descendants
- Englishindulge
- Italianindulgere
- Albanianndëjej
In English words that came into English from indulgeō
- indulgenceindulgentia
- indulgeindulgeō
- indulgentindulgēns
- indulgencyindulgentia