verbfourth conjugation
fulciō
fulciō (present infinitive fulcīre, perfect active fulsī, supine fultum)
Classical[ˈfʊɫ.ki.oː]Ecclesiastical[ˈful̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.o]
Meaning
- to prop up, support
Iamque volāns apicem et latera ardua cernit Atlantis dūrī, caelum quī vertice fulcit, Atlantis, cīnctum adsiduē cui nūbibus ātrīs
And now, flying, he sees the peak and steep sides of the tough Atlas, who supports the sky on his head, of Atlas, whose pine-bearing head surrounded by dark clouds is constantly beaten by wind as well as by rain.29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.246–249 - to strengthen, secure, support
Omnia dēbet enim cibus integrāre novandō et fulcīre cibus, cibus omnia sustentāre— nēquīquam, quoniam nec vēnae perpetiuntur
For food should repair all by renewing and strengthen, support everything— but to no avail, because neither do veins contain enough, nor does nature provide as much as necessary.c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 2.1146–1149
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
sustineō, firmōfulciō -īre, fultus — in IVLIANVS I: Gallia, ch. 22
sustineō nē cadatfulciō -īre, fultus — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 6
Choosing the right word Döderlein's Latin Synonyms
Fulciri · Niti
Fulciri, fultus (φυλάξαι) means to prop one’s self up in order to be secure against falling, generally by leaning against a pillar, etc.; whereas niti, nixus, in order to climb a height, or to get forward, generally by standing on a basis. (ii. 127.)
Conjugation conjugation 4
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fulciō | fulciēbam | fulciam | fulsī | fulseram | fulserō |
| 2nd sg. | fulcīs | fulciēbās | fulciēs | fulsistī | fulserās | fulseris |
| 3rd sg. | fulcit | fulciēbat | fulciet | fulsit | fulserat | fulserit |
| 1st pl. | fulcīmus | fulciēbāmus | fulciēmus | fulsimus | fulserāmus | fulserimus |
| 2nd pl. | fulcītis | fulciēbātis | fulciētis | fulsistis | fulserātis | fulseritis |
| 3rd pl. | fulciunt | fulciēbant | fulcient | fulsērunt fulsēre | fulserant | fulserint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fulciam | fulcīrem | fulserim | fulsissem |
| 2nd sg. | fulciās | fulcīrēs | fulserīs | fulsissēs |
| 3rd sg. | fulciat | fulcīret | fulserit | fulsisset |
| 1st pl. | fulciāmus | fulcīrēmus | fulserīmus | fulsissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | fulciātis | fulcīrētis | fulserītis | fulsissētis |
| 3rd pl. | fulciant | fulcīrent | fulserint | fulsissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fulcior | fulciēbar | fulciar |
| 2nd sg. | fulcīris fulcīre | fulciēbāris fulciēbāre | fulciēris fulciēre |
| 3rd sg. | fulcītur | fulciēbātur | fulciētur |
| 1st pl. | fulcīmur | fulciēbāmur | fulciēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fulcīminī | fulciēbāminī | fulciēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fulciuntur | fulciēbantur | fulcientur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | fulciar | fulcīrer |
| 2nd sg. | fulciāris fulciāre | fulcīrēris fulcīrēre |
| 3rd sg. | fulciātur | fulcīrētur |
| 1st pl. | fulciāmur | fulcīrēmur |
| 2nd pl. | fulciāminī | fulcīrēminī |
| 3rd pl. | fulciantur | fulcīrentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | fulcī | fulcīre |
| pres. 2nd pl. | fulcīte | fulcīminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | fulcītō | fulcītor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | fulcītō | fulcītor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | fulcītōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | fulciuntō | fulciuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | fulcīre | fulcīrī |
| perfect infinitive | fulsisse | fultum esse |
| future infinitive | fultūrum esse | fultum īrī |
| present participle | fulciēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | fultus |
| future participle | fultūrus fultūra, fultūrā, fultūrae, fultūram, fultūrārum, fultūrās, fultūre, fultūrī, fultūrīs, fultūrō, fultūrōrum, fultūrōs, fultūrum | fulciendus fulciundus, fulcienda, fulciendā, fulciendae, fulciendam, fulciendārum, fulciendās, fulciende, fulciendīs, fulciendōrum, fulciendōs |
gerundfulciendī, fulciendō, fulciendumsupinefultum, fultū
fulcĭo, fulsi, fultum, 4 (late form
I. perf. FVLCIVIT, Inscr. ap. Mur. 466, 3.—Part. perf.:
fulcītus, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 46), v. a. etym. dub.; cf.: falx, flccto; Corss. refers it to root dhar-; v. firmus, Ausspr. 1, 476, to prop up, to keep upright by props, to stay, support (class.; syn.: sustento, sustineo, munio). I. Lit.:
qui fulcire putatur porticum Stoicorum, Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75: aliquid trabibus, Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 89: Atlas, caelum qui vertice fulcit, Verg. A. 4, 247: vitis nisi fulta est, fertur ad terram, Cic. de Sen. 15, 52: ruentes ceras, Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 23: illum Balbutit Scaurum pravis fultum male talis, supported, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 88: quod non Taenariis domus est mihi fulta columnis, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 49. longis Numidarum fulta columnis cenatio, Juv. 7, 182; 3, 193: si mutuatus pecuniam aedificia ruentia fulserit, Gai. Inst. 4, 73: me prior fultusque toro meliore, Juv. 3, 82: et pulvino fultus, supported by, resting on the pillow, Lucil. ap. Serv. Verg. E. 6, 53: ille (juvencus) latus niveum molli fultus byacintho, Verg. E. 6, 53; cf. effultus; so absol.: colloco, fulcio, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 10: caput nivei fultum Pallantis, propped up, bolstered, Verg. A. 11, 39.— Impers.: sat sic fultumst mihi, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 37.—Poet.: tu (potes) pedibus teneris positas fulcire pruinas? i. e. to tread the fallen snow, Prop. 1, 8, 7: stant fulti pulvere crines, supported, stiffened, Stat. Th. 3, 326.—B. Transf., to make strong or fast, to fasten, secure, support, strengthen (poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
fultosque emuniit obice postes, fastened, guarded, Verg. A. 8, 227; cf.: appositā janua fulta serā, Ov. A. A. 2, 244: et dura janua fulta sera, Tib. 1, 2, 6: omnia debet cibus integrare novando Et fulcire cibus, cibus omnia sustentare, to support, strengthen, Lucr. 2, 1147: stomachum cibo, Sen. Ep. 68 med.: venas cadentes vino, id. ib. 95; cf. Col. 6, 24, 4.—II. Trop.
A. To support, sustain, uphold:
veterem amicum suum labentem excepit, fulsit et sustinuit re, fortuna, fide, Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf.: labantem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire, id. Phil. 2, 21, 51: domum pluribus adminiculis ante fundatam fulcit ac sustinet, Plin. Ep. 4, 21, 3; cf: ingenia rudia nullisque artium bonarum adminiculis fulta, Gell. 6, 2, 8: hoc consilio et quasi senatu fultus et munitus, Cic. Rep. 2, 9: aliquem litteris, id. Att. 5, 21, 14: magnis subsidiis fulta res publica est, id. Fam. 12, 5, 1: imperium gloria fultum et benevolentiā sociorum, id. Off. 3, 22, 88: his fultus societatibus atque amicitiis, Liv. 42, 12, 8; 3, 60, 9; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11; cf.: quia nullis recentibus subsidiis fulta prima acies fuit, Liv. 9, 32, 9: quo praesidio cum fulta res Romana esset, id. 7, 12, 8: causa Gaditanorum gravissimis et plurimis rebus est fulta, Cic. Balb. 15, 35: serie fulcite genus, i. e. to keep up, preserve, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 69.—* B. Poet., to besiege, oppress:
(Pacuvii) Antiopa aerumnis cor luctificabile fulta, Pers. 1, 78 (perh. a word of Pacuv.).Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
fulciō fulsī, fultus, īre,
to prop up, keep up by props, stay, support: porticum: caelum vertice, V.: vitis, nisi fulta sit, fertur ad terram: pravis fultus male talis, supported, H.: fultus toro meliore, resting on, Iu.: caput fultum, bolstered, V.: fultos obice postīs, fastened, V.: pedibus pruinas, to press, Pr.—Fig., to support, sustain, uphold: amicum labentem: prope cadentem rem p.: consulum ruinas virtute: totis viribus fulta hostium acies, L.: recentibus subsidiis fulta acies, L.: causa gravissimis rebus est fulta.
Origins
Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”). De Vaan, however, doubts the possibility of a semantic connection between the Latin term, meaning "to support," and the Proto-Indo-European term, meaning "to swell." The root *bʰelg- has been proposed based on a possible connection with Ancient Greek φᾰ́λᾰγξ (phắlănx), Old High German balko, and Icelandic bjálki, although De Vaan rejects such connections. Rix posits, albeit uncertainly, the root *bʰelḱ-, from which a form *bʰl̥ḱ-yé-ti may have emerged, whence fulciō. However, the only other evidence for such a root is Ancient Greek φάλκης (phálkēs), which Beekes considers to be of Pre-Greek origin.
Insular Romance
- Sardinianfurciri
- Sardinianfruciri
- Sardinianforcire
- Sardinianfrochire
Italo-Romance
- Italianfolcire
- Neapolitanaffucire
- Neapolitanaffucí
- Neapolitanaffruticare
Borrowings
- Spanishfulcir
- Albanianfuqifrom Proto-Albanian *fujqi
Rhaeto-Romance
- Romanshfultscher
Ibero-Romance
- Galicianrefucir