verbthird conjugation
extinguō
extinguō (present infinitive extinguere, perfect active extīnxī, supine extīnctum)
Classical[ɛkˈstɪŋ.ɡʷoː]Ecclesiastical[ekˈstiŋ.ɡʷo]
Meaning
- to quench, put out, extinguish
- figurativelyto destroy, kill, slay, abolish
“‘Extīnxisse nefās tamen et sūmpsisse merentīs / laudābor poenās [...].’” “‘Nevertheless, [for having] slain [such] an offender, and exacted [her] well-deserved punishments, I will be honored….’” (Aeneas in soliloquy speaks two perfect active infinitives – extinxisse and sumpsisse – as he considers whether to kill Helen.)
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.585–586
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | extinguō | extinguēbam | extinguam | extīnxī | extīnxeram | extīnxerō |
| 2nd sg. | extinguis | extinguēbās | extinguēs | extīnxistī | extīnxerās | extīnxeris |
| 3rd sg. | extinguit | extinguēbat | extinguet | extīnxit | extīnxerat | extīnxerit |
| 1st pl. | extinguimus | extinguēbāmus | extinguēmus | extīnximus | extīnxerāmus | extīnxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | extinguitis | extinguēbātis | extinguētis | extīnxistis | extīnxerātis | extīnxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | extinguunt | extinguēbant | extinguent | extīnxērunt extīnxēre | extīnxerant | extīnxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | extinguam | extinguerem | extīnxerim | extīnxissem |
| 2nd sg. | extinguās | extinguerēs | extīnxerīs | extīnxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | extinguat | extingueret | extīnxerit | extīnxisset |
| 1st pl. | extinguāmus | extinguerēmus | extīnxerīmus | extīnxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | extinguātis | extinguerētis | extīnxerītis | extīnxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | extinguant | extinguerent | extīnxerint | extīnxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | extinguor | extinguēbar | extinguar |
| 2nd sg. | extingueris extinguere | extinguēbāris extinguēbāre | extinguēris extinguēre |
| 3rd sg. | extinguitur | extinguēbātur | extinguētur |
| 1st pl. | extinguimur | extinguēbāmur | extinguēmur |
| 2nd pl. | extinguiminī | extinguēbāminī | extinguēminī |
| 3rd pl. | extinguuntur | extinguēbantur | extinguentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | extinguar | extinguerer |
| 2nd sg. | extinguāris extinguāre | extinguerēris extinguerēre |
| 3rd sg. | extinguātur | extinguerētur |
| 1st pl. | extinguāmur | extinguerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | extinguāminī | extinguerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | extinguantur | extinguerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | extingue | extinguere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | extinguite | extinguiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | extinguitō | extinguitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | extinguitō | extinguitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | extinguitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | extinguuntō | extinguuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | extinguere | extinguī |
| perfect infinitive | extīnxisse | extīnctum esse |
| future infinitive | extīnctūrum esse | extīnctum īrī |
| present participle | extinguēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | extīnctus extīncta, extīnctā, extīnctae, extīnctam, extīnctārum, extīnctās, extīncte, extīnctī, extīnctīs, extīnctō, extīnctōrum, extīnctōs |
| future participle | extīnctūrus extīnctūra, extīnctūrā, extīnctūrae, extīnctūram, extīnctūrārum, extīnctūrās, extīnctūre, extīnctūrī, extīnctūrīs, extīnctūrō, extīnctūrōrum, extīnctūrōs, extīnctūrum | extinguendus extinguenda, extinguendā, extinguendae, extinguendam, extinguendārum, extinguendās, extinguende, extinguendīs, extinguendōrum, extinguendōs |
gerundextinguendī, extinguendō, extinguendumsupineextīnctum, extīnctū
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
extinguō see exstinguo.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinextinguō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ- Proto-Indo-European *sténgʷeti Proto-Italic *stengʷō Latin stinguō Latin extinguō From ex- + stinguō. Compare tinguo (“wet, moisten”).
Descendants
- Catalanextingir
- Englishextinct
- Englishextinguish
- Italianestinguere
- Italianstinguere
- Occitanesténher
- Occitanesténger
- Frenchéteindrefrom Old French esteindre
- Portugueseextinguir
- Romanianstinge
In English words that came into English from extinguō
- extinguishextinguō
- extinctextīnctus
- extinctionextinctio