verbthird conjugation
exstinguō
exstinguō (present infinitive exstinguere, perfect active exstīnxī, supine exstīnctum)
Classical[ɛks(ː)tɪŋ.ɡʷoː]Ecclesiastical[eksˈstiŋ.ɡʷo]
Meaning
- to quench, extinguish, put out
- figurativelyto destroy, kill, slay, abolish
“Exstīnxtī tē mēque, soror, populumque patrēsque Sīdoniōs urbemque tuam. [...]” “You have destroyed you and me both, sister, and the people, and the Sidonian fathers, and your city.” (Anna, grief-stricken, speaks in hyperbole to Dido. Syncopation: “exstīnxtī” for “exstīnx[is]tī.” “Populumque patrēsque” echoes the Roman phrase senatus populusque romanus.)
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.682-683Corinthum patres vestri totius Graeciae lumen exstinctum esse voluerunt
Your forefathers wanted Corinth, the light of all of Greece, to be destroyed69 BCE, Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei 5.11
Latīnē defined in Latin in our graded readers
ignem fīniōexstinguō -ere, -stīnxī — in IVLIANVS II: Imperium, ch. 16
exstinctus fīō, lūcēre dēsinōexstinguor -ī — in Evangelium secundum Matthaeum, ch. 23
ut ignis moriorexstinguor -ī — in Metamorphoses I, ch. 8
Conjugation conjugation 3
| form | present | imperfect | future | perfect | pluperfect | fut. perfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exstinguō | exstinguēbam | exstinguam | exstīnxī | exstīnxeram | exstīnxerō |
| 2nd sg. | exstinguis | exstinguēbās | exstinguēs | exstīnxistī | exstīnxerās | exstīnxeris |
| 3rd sg. | exstinguit | exstinguēbat | exstinguet | exstīnxit | exstīnxerat | exstīnxerit |
| 1st pl. | exstinguimus | exstinguēbāmus | exstinguēmus | exstīnximus | exstīnxerāmus | exstīnxerimus |
| 2nd pl. | exstinguitis | exstinguēbātis | exstinguētis | exstīnxistis | exstīnxerātis | exstīnxeritis |
| 3rd pl. | exstinguunt | exstinguēbant | exstinguent | exstīnxērunt exstīnxēre | exstīnxerant | exstīnxerint |
active subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect | perfect | pluperfect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exstinguam | exstinguerem | exstīnxerim | exstīnxissem |
| 2nd sg. | exstinguās | exstinguerēs | exstīnxerīs | exstīnxissēs |
| 3rd sg. | exstinguat | exstingueret | exstīnxerit | exstīnxisset |
| 1st pl. | exstinguāmus | exstinguerēmus | exstīnxerīmus | exstīnxissēmus |
| 2nd pl. | exstinguātis | exstinguerētis | exstīnxerītis | exstīnxissētis |
| 3rd pl. | exstinguant | exstinguerent | exstīnxerint | exstīnxissent |
passive indicative
| form | present | imperfect | future |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exstinguor | exstinguēbar | exstinguar |
| 2nd sg. | exstingueris exstinguere | exstinguēbāris exstinguēbāre | exstinguēris exstinguēre |
| 3rd sg. | exstinguitur | exstinguēbātur | exstinguētur |
| 1st pl. | exstinguimur | exstinguēbāmur | exstinguēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exstinguiminī | exstinguēbāminī | exstinguēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exstinguuntur | exstinguēbantur | exstinguentur |
passive subjunctive
| form | present | imperfect |
|---|---|---|
| 1st sg. | exstinguar | exstinguerer |
| 2nd sg. | exstinguāris exstinguāre | exstinguerēris exstinguerēre |
| 3rd sg. | exstinguātur | exstinguerētur |
| 1st pl. | exstinguāmur | exstinguerēmur |
| 2nd pl. | exstinguāminī | exstinguerēminī |
| 3rd pl. | exstinguantur | exstinguerentur |
imperative
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| pres. 2nd sg. | exstingue | exstinguere |
| pres. 2nd pl. | exstinguite | exstinguiminī |
| fut. 2nd sg. | exstinguitō | exstinguitor |
| fut. 3rd sg. | exstinguitō | exstinguitor |
| fut. 2nd pl. | exstinguitōte | — |
| fut. 3rd pl. | exstinguuntō | exstinguuntor |
infinitives & participles
| form | active | passive |
|---|---|---|
| present infinitive | exstinguere | exstinguī |
| perfect infinitive | exstīnxisse | exstīnctum esse |
| future infinitive | exstīnctūrum esse | exstīnctum īrī |
| present participle | exstinguēns | — |
| perfect participle | — | exstīnctus |
| future participle | exstīnctūrus exstīnctūra, exstīnctūrā, exstīnctūrae, exstīnctūram, exstīnctūrārum, exstīnctūrās, exstīnctūre, exstīnctūrī, exstīnctūrīs, exstīnctūrō, exstīnctūrōrum, exstīnctūrōs, exstīnctūrum | exstinguendus exstinguenda, exstinguendā, exstinguendae, exstinguendam, exstinguendārum, exstinguendās, exstinguende, exstinguendīs, exstinguendōrum, exstinguendōs |
gerundexstinguendī, exstinguendō, exstinguendumsupineexstīnctum, exstīnctū
Phrases from Meissner's Latin Phrase-Book
- subita morte exstingui
- to be cut off by sudden death.
- odium restinguere, exstinguere
- to stifle, drown one's hatred.
- oblivione obrui, deleri, exstingui
- to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
ex-stinguo (ext-), nxi, nctum, 3 (archaic
I. perf. subj. exstinxit, for exstinxerit, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 43.—Contracted forms exstinxsti, Verg. A. 4, 682; Pac. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193;
and exstinxem, Verg. A. 4, 606), v. a., to put out what is burning, to quench, extinguish (class.; esp. freq. in Cic. and in the trop. signif.). I. Lit.:
recens exstinctum lumen, Lucr. 6, 791: exstincta lumina, Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2: faces, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 228: lucernam, id. 31, 3, 28, § 49; cf.: senes mori sic videntur ut sua sponte nulla adhibita vi consumptus ignis exstinguitur, goes out, Cic. de Sen. 19, 71: ignem, Ov. F. 2, 712: incendium, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2: sol exstinguitur, id. Rep. 6, 22: exstincto calore ipsi exstinguimur, id. N. D. 2, 9, 23: calx exstincta, i. e. slaked, Vitr. 2, 5.—B. Transf., to deprive of life or strength, to kill, destroy:
animam alicui, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 16: nolite, hunc jam natura ipsa occidentem velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. id. N. D. 2, 9, 23: juvenem fortuna morbo exstinxit, Liv. 8, 3, 7: vir egregius exstinctus, cut off, Cic. Brut. 1, 1; id. Rep. 6, 14; Verg. E. 5, 20; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 14; Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 25; Tac. A. 3, 7 et saep.: rapitur miser exstinguendus Messalinae oculis, Juv. 10, 332: vel modico tepore sucus exstinguitur, i. e. is dried up, Curt. 6, 4, 11: mammas, Plin. 23, 2, 32, § 67: odorem alii, to destroy, id. 19, 6, 34, § 113: venena, to render powerless, id. 20, 17, 69, § 179: aquam Albanam dissipatam rivis, to consume, get rid of, an old prophecy in Liv. 5, 16, 9.—II. Trop., to abolish, destroy, annihilate, annul (syn.: tollo, deleo, opprimo, diruo, everto, demolior, destruo;
opp. inflammo): tyrannis institutis leges omnes exstinguuntur atque tolluntur, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 5: ea, quae antea scripserat, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172: improbitas exstinguenda atque delenda est, id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26: potentiam exstinguere atque opprimere, id. Rosc. Am. 13, 36; but also distinguished from opprimere: ut exstinctae potius amicitiae quam oppressae esse videantur, extinct, id. Lael. 21, 78: ad sensus animorum atque motus vel inflammandos vel etiam exstinguendos, id. de Or. 1, 14, 60: sermo omnis ille oblivione posteritatis extinguitur, id. Rep. 6, 23 fin.; cf.: exstinctis rumoribus, Caes. B. C. 1, 60 fin.: ad ejus salutem exstinguendam, Cic. Mil. 2, 5: nomen populi Romani, id. Cat. 4, 4, 7: superiorem gloriam rei militaris, Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 4: memoriam publicam, Cic. Mil. 27, 73: gratiam, id. Fam. 1, 1, 4: familiaritates, id. Lael. 10, 35: invidiam, id. Balb. 6, 16: infamiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 168: causam nascentem dissensionis, Matius in Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2: consuetudinem, Cic. Cael. 25, 61: reliquias belli, id. Fam. 10, 25, 1: bellum civile, Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 96: jus pignoris, Dig. 20, 1, 9; cf. fideicommissum, ib. 32, 1, 11: actionem, ib. 47, 2, 42 al.Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
ex-stinguō or extinguō nxī
(exstinxstī for exstinxistī, exstinxem for exstinxissem, V.), nctus, ere, to put out, quench, extinguish: lumina: ignis exstinguitur, goes out: ignem, V.—To deprive of life, kill, destroy: Seni animam, T.: hunc volnere: iuvenem morbo, L.: primo exstinguor in aevo, O.: intra annum exstinctus est, Ta.: aquam Albanam dissipatam rivis, get rid of, L. (oracle).—Fig., to abolish, destroy, annihilate, annul: tyrannis institutis leges omnes exstinguuntur: improbitas exstinguenda est: exstinctae potius amicitiae quam oppressae, died out: exstinctis rumoribus, Cs.: nomen populi R.: infamiam: patrem Cum genere, V.: te propter Exstinctus pudor, lost, V.
Origins
- Proto-Indo-European*h₁éǵʰs
- Proto-Italic*eks
- Latinexstinguō
Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ- Proto-Indo-European *sténgʷeti Proto-Italic *stengʷō Latin stinguō Latin exstinguō From ex- + stinguō.
Descendants
- Catalanextingir
- Englishextinguish
- Frenchéteindre
- Spanishextinguir