“self” in Latin

(as a definite pronoun)(as a definite pronoun), ipse. ☞ When “self” is combined with a personalpronoun (myself, himself, etc.), observe carefully whether it be as an active (subject) or a passive (object); in the former case ipse is put in the nominative or in the accusative (only when connected with an accusative and infinitive); in the latter, ipse is in the case of the personal pronoun, whatever it may be; e.g., se ipsum irridet (he laughs at himself, and at no other; he laughs at himself alone); se ipse irridet (he laughs at himself, and no other laughs at him; he alone laughs at himself); aliquis sibi ipsi inimicus est (is an enemy to himself). “Self” is also denoted by the appendage of met to the personal pronouns ego, tu, sui, and their cases; sometimes with the addition of ipse in the same case as the pronoun; e.g., myself, memet, memet ipsum (☞ but never memet ipse). Of my (your, him, or it) self, ipse; mea (tua, sua) sponte (without external impulse or cause): ultro (of free will, voluntarily): per se (by one’s self): a se (self-originating): sine magistro (without a teacher): his other self, alter idem for nominative; for another case, se, etc., alterum: Pompey said I should be his other self, me alterum se fore: a friend is like one’s other self, tamquam alter idem: like your other self, tamquam ipse tu; sometimes tamquam exemplar mei, tui, sui, etc., may be used; e.g., he who has a friend looks upon him as his other self is tamquam exemplar aliquod intuetur sui: the door opened of itself, valvae se ipsae aperuerunt: to recover himself, ad se redire: for itself (= for its own sake), propter se or sese (e.g., amicitia propter se expetenda); natura (e.g., honestum - natura est laudabili, Cic.). ☞ With genitive sui = themselves, the sing. gerund is used; e.g., sui colligendi (not colligendorum) causa. Many passive verbs have a purely reflexive meaning; as, falli (to deceive one’s self); cruciari (to torment one’s self); Vid: Krug., § 471.

(As an intensive) ipse: vel: adeo; e.g., virtue itself is despised, virtus ipsa contemnitur: the enemy themselves could not refrain from tears, vel hostes lacrimis temperare non potuerunt: you yourself are angry with me, tu adeo mihi succenses. Vid: also, HIMSELF