“hitherto” in Latin

(a) (a) Up to this time, adhuc: adhuc usque, ad hoc tempus: ad hunc diem (up to the present point of time in which the speaker lives): (usque) ad id or illud tempus: ad id loci or ad id locorum (up to that point when past circumstances are spoken of; respecting ad id loci, Vid: Fabri, Sall., Jug., 63, 6). Not... hitherto, nondum: adhuc non (the latter form opposes the present to the future emphatically; the verb will be in the present, perfect, definite, or future. If a past time is referred to, ad id tempus is used: ☞ non adhuc is not, as some assert, unclassical, Krebs; ☞ Pr., Intr., ii. 340). And not... hitherto; nor... hitherto, necdum, neque dum: neque adhuc (the latter if there is the marked opposition between present and future, as pointed out above; ☞ seldom et nondum). Nobody... hitherto, nemo adhuc or adhuc nemo: no... hitherto, nullusdum: nullus adhuc: nothing... hitherto, nihildum: nihil adhuc or adhuc nihil [Vid: authorities in Krebs, adhuc]. [Vid: YET.] ☞ Hactenus, “up to this point,” “so far,” is never “up to this time,” in Cic. or Caes., ; but Livy uses it in this sense [e.g., 7, 26, 6]; so, also, Ov., It is, however, classical and common in such a passage as “hitherto I have treated of,” etc., with reference to the progress of a speech, etc., where, though it refers to space, the progress through that space requires time.

(b) (b) Up to this place, (usque) ad hunc locum: huc usque.

(c) (c) Up to this point, hactenus.