“himself” in Latin

(A) (A) As nominative, ipse (☞ ipsemet only, Plaut., Amph. Prol., 10, 2, [ipsemet abiit], and plur. ipsimet, Cic., 3 Verr., 1, 3).

(B) In an oblique case: (a) by sui (sibi, se, or sese) alone: I have restored my brother to himself, reddidi fratrem sibi: to hurt himself, sibi nocere: to forget himself, sui oblivisci: with himself, secum: (b) by sui and ipse: (1) If an opposition is to be indicated between the subject and some other subject, ipse will be in the nominative (or, in the case of accusative cum infinitive, in the accusative): Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit = he himself, and no other, did the deed; so Varius Quintilius se ipse in tabemaculo interfecit, Velleius, 2, 71, 3; deforme est de se ipsum praedicare, Cic. (2) If the opposition is to the object, the ipse will be in the same case as the sui; aliquis sibi ipsi inimicus est, is an enemy to himself, not (as would be more natural) to another. (3) If, however, a strong emphasis lies on the subject, the ipse may remain in the nominative, even when the object has an implied notion opposed to it; and, in general, Cic. is partial to the retention of ipse in nominative [Zumpt, 696]; thus, ut non modo populo Romano, sed etiam sibi ipse condemnatus videretur, Verr., 1, 6; but qui potest exercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipsum (opposed to exercitum) non potest? Manl. 13. Of himself, ipse: sua sponte: ultro (e.g., polliceri, of his own free will). By himself, per se (ipse); per se solus; suo Marte, but always with reference to the original meaning of the expression: ☞ not proprio Marte. All = without the help of any other person): solus (alone): separatim (separately; opposed to “in conjunction with others;” e.g., ludos et cum collega et separatim edidit): to live by himself, secum vivere: to have found anything out by himself, per se invenisse aliquid. To learn by himself, sine magistro discere: he had done it quite of himself, sua sponte fecerat: to recover himself, ad se redire. To deceive himself, falli. To vex himself, cruciari: to avail himself of anything, uti aliqua re. A likeness of himself, sui similis species (Cic., Tusc., 1, 15, 34); sua imago (Plaut., Pseud., 1, 1, 55). To be always himself, or like himself, semper suum esse (e.g., in disputando, Cic., Fin., 4, 4, 10).