LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“diary” in Latin

The English word diary itself goes back to Latin diēs, through diārium.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

diary
factorum dictorumque descripta per dies: commentarii diurni (a daily record of household affairs and events, kept, according to Bremi, by a slave; Suet., Oct, 64): memorialis libellus (note-book; Id., Caes., 56): ephemeris (account-book of daily expenses; Nep., Att., 13, 6): diarium (qui diarium scribunt, quam Graeci ἐφημερίσα vocant, Asell. ap. Gell., 5, 18, 8). To keep a diary, facta dictaque describere per dies: diarium scribere (after Asell., ; Vid: above). To set down anything in a diary, aliquid in commentarios diurnos referre (Suet.). To record in a diary the facts that I hear stated, *eorum, quae audio (ab aliquo), commentarios conricere (Muret.).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for diary?
The usual Latin words for “diary” are ephēmeris, diārium. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.