LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“canon” in Latin

The English word canon itself goes back to Latin canonicus.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

canon s.
norma; lex (rule); decretum: lex ecclesiastica; decretum canonicum: canon-law, jus canonicum; corpus juris canonici: the canonicai books, libri canonici (technical term): librorum fide dignorum familia (after Quint., 1, 4, 3).
A dignitary of the Church, canonicus.

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for canon?
The usual Latin words for “canon” are norma, lēx, dēcernō; also canonicus. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.