“but” in Latin

at: sed: verum or vero: autem (at has an adversative, sed a corrective or limiting force: verum or vero affirms the truth or importance of an assertion: autem carries on a train of thought already begun; it is the weakest adversative particle.) It is to be observed that autem and vero stand after one or more words, the rest at the beginning of the sentence.

BUT, ON THE OTHER HAND, at (especially before personal names and pronouns) :

is sometimes not expressed in Latin; e.g., this is thy office, but not mine, hoc tuum est, non meum.

in the sense of EXCEPT, praeter; praeterquam; excepto (-a, -is); nisi. I saw nobody but him, praeter illum vidi neminem. No one is wise but the good man, nemo sapiens est, nisi bonus. Nothing but, nihil aliud, nisi (that and nothing else): nihil aliud quam (i. e., equivalent to that). This happens to none but a wise man, soli hoc contingit sapienti. I saw no one but you, te unum vidi. Nothing could bring them into one united people but law, coalescere in populi unius corpus, nulla, re praeterquam legibus, poterant. The last but one, proximus a postremo. There is nobody here but I, solus hic sum. What but? quid aliud nisi or quam? All but, tantum quod.

in the sense of ONLY, modo: tantum: solum (tantum PROP. confines what was said to a certain magnitude; modo to a certain measure or degree; solum to the thing itself, to the exclusion of others): tantummodo, nonnisi, solus, unua. I saw but you, te unum vidi. I did but hear these things, not see them, haec audivi tantum, non vidi. I will speak, do you but hear, loquar, modo audi. If but, dummodo; dum (with subjunctive). Do but let him, sine modo. Do but stay, mano modo. But too often, saepius justo; nimi um saepe. There were but two ways (two in all), erant omnino itinera duo. You have but the name of virtue in your mouth, nomen tantum virtutis usurpas. He came but to-day, hodie primum venit. But a while ago, non ita pridem, nuper admodum. He is but twenty years old. non amplius viginti annos natus est. It wanted but little, that. etc., tantum non, etc.; non multum abfuit, quin, etc.

in the sense of ONLY, modo: tantum: solum (tantum PROP. confines what was said to a certain magnitude; modo to a certain measure or degree; solum to the thing itself, to the exclusion of others): tantummodo, nonnisi, solus, unua. I saw but you, te unum vidi. I did but hear these things, not see them, haec audivi tantum, non vidi. I will speak, do you but hear, loquar, modo audi. If but, dummodo; dum (with subjunctive). Do but let him, sine modo. Do but stay, mano modo. But too often, saepius justo; nimi um saepe. There were but two ways (two in all), erant omnino itinera duo. You have but the name of virtue in your mouth, nomen tantum virtutis usurpas. He came but to-day, hodie primum venit. But a while ago, non ita pridem, nuper admodum. He is but twenty years old. non amplius viginti annos natus est. It wanted but little, that. etc., tantum non, etc.; non multum abfuit, quin, etc.

after can not. I can not but, etc. facere non possum quin (subjunctive), or non possum non (with infinitive): non possum quin is pre-classical. It can not be, but, etc., fieri non potest, nt non or quin, etc.