LATIN DICTIONARYLexicon Latīnum
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“ascendant” in Latin

The English word ascendant itself goes back to Latin scandō, through ascendentem.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

ascendant
fastigium, or by adjective summus. To be in the ascendant, in (tam) sublime fastigium venisse: in honore esse: fiorere: vigere: summam fortunam, summam gloriam consecutum esse: gloria fiorere: esse in laude: in claritudinem pervenisse: gloria circumfluere: omnium sermone celebrari: in magno nomine et gloria, esse: magna celebritate famae esse (of persons only). (2)
Superiority, influence, praestantia. To have the ascendant in anything, aliqua re praestare alicui: potiorem esse aliquo: aliquem antecedere, antecellere, anteire, antistare, excellere, praecedere, praecurrere, superare: praepollere: praevalere (praevalere, Liv., praef.).
Ascendants (in degrees of kindred), ascendentes (opposed to descendentes, Paul., Dig.).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for ascendant?
The usual Latin words for “ascendant” are fastīgium, praestō, ascendō; also superus, tam, vigeō. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.