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“archetype” in Latin

The English word archetype itself goes back to Latin archetypum.

Riddle & Arnold A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon, 1864

archetype
archetypum (Varr., Macrobius, ἀρχέτυπον in Cic..): exemplum primum: exemplum: species (used by Cic. for the Platonic ἰδέα).

Quick answer

What is the Latin word for archetype?
The usual Latin words for “archetype” are archetypus, exemplum, speciēs. The right choice depends on the sense; see the distinctions below.

Entry from J. E. Riddle & T. K. Arnold, A Copious and Critical English–Latin Lexicon (rev. C. Anthon, New York: Harper, 1864), digitised by Fergus J. P. Walsh, CC BY-SA 4.0; Latin markup adapted by latindictionary.co.