noun · masculinethird declension
carbō1
carbō m (genitive carbōnis)
Classical[ˈkar.boː]Ecclesiastical[ˈkar.bo]
Meaning
- charcoal, coal
Declension
| form | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | carbō | carbōnēs |
| genitive | carbōnis | carbōnum |
| dative | carbōnī | carbōnibus |
| accusative | carbōnem | carbōnēs |
| ablative | carbōne | carbōnibus |
| vocative | carbō | carbōnēs |
carbo, ōnis, m. Sanscr. c)ra, coquere; cf. cremo,
I. a coal, charcoal (dead or burning); of dead coals, Cato, R. R. 38 fin.; Plaut. Truc. 5, 12; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63; Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 8 al.—Of glowing, burning coals, Cato, R. R. 108; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 48; Lucr. 6, 802; Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25; Plin. 2, 20, 18, § 82; 16, 10, 19, § 45; Hor. C. 3, 8, 3 al.—
II. Meton.
A. From the black color of coals are derived the trop. expressions:
impleantur elogiorum meae fores carbonibus, i.e. with scurrilous verses, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 73: sanin cretā an carbone notati? Hor. S, 2, 3, 246; imitated by Pers. 5, 108 (cf. opp. albus): miror Proelia rubrica picta aut carbone, Hor. S. 2, 7, 98.—B. For something of little value; hence prov.: carbonem pro thesauro invenire, to be deceived in one's expectation, Phaedr. 5, 6, 6.—
C. A bad tumor, Ser. Samm. 39, 725; cf. carbunculus, C.
Charlton Lewis's shorter dictionary for students: the same scholarship in plain, modern definitions.
carbō ōnis, m
CAR-, a coal, charcoal: candeus: carbone adurere capillum, burning coals: In carbone tuo ponere, on your altar fire, Iu.: cretā an carbone notati? i. e. with white or black? H.: Proelia rubricā picta aut carbone, drawn with red chalk or coal, H.—Prov.: carbonem pro thesauro invenire, i. e. to be deceived in one's hope, Ph.
Origins
Unsure. The status of Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“heat”, “fire”, also “to burn”) is uncertain. Probably related to Old English heorþ (“hearth”), Old Norse hyrr (“fire”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹 (hauri, “coal”), Old High German harsta (“roasting”), Russian курить (kuritʹ, “to smoke, burn, fumigate”) and церен (ceren, “brazier”), Old Church Slavonic курити (kuriti, “to smoke”) and крада (krada, “hearth, fireplace”), Lithuanian kurti̇̀ (“to heat”), karštas (“hot”) and krosnis (“oven”), Sanskrit कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa, “burnt, black”) and कूडयति (kūḍayati, “singes”), and maybe Latin cremāre (“to burn”).
Descendants
- Catalancarbó
- Catalancarboni
- Frenchcarbone
- Englishcarbonfrom French carbone
- Italiancarbone
- Occitancarbon
- Portuguesecarvãofrom Old Galician-Portuguese carvon
- Frenchcharbonfrom Old French charbon
- Romaniancărbune
- Sardiniancalvone
In English words that came into English from carbō
- carboncarbō
- carbunclecarbunculus
- carbonadocarbō
- carbuncularcarbunculāris